ASTM Grade HL Steel vs. AWS E2594

Both ASTM grade HL steel and AWS E2594 are iron alloys. They have 84% of their average alloy composition in common. There are 21 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (11, in this case) are not shown.

For each property being compared, the top bar is ASTM grade HL steel and the bottom bar is AWS E2594.

ASTM Grade HL (29Cr-20Ni, N08604) Cast Stainless Steel AWS E2594 (W39594) Weld Metal

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa		200
Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa		210

Elongation at Break, %		11
Elongation at Break, %		17

Poisson's Ratio		0.27
Poisson's Ratio		0.27

Shear Modulus, GPa		80
Shear Modulus, GPa		81

Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa		500
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa		850

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g		320
Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g		300

Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C		1390
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C		1440

Melting Onset (Solidus), °C		1340
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C		1400

Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K		490
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K		480

Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K		17
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K		14

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative		27
Base Metal Price, % relative		22

Density, g/cm³		7.8
Density, g/cm³		7.8

Embodied Carbon, kg CO₂/kg material		4.5
Embodied Carbon, kg CO₂/kg material		4.3

Embodied Energy, MJ/kg		65
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg		60

Embodied Water, L/kg		210
Embodied Water, L/kg		190

Common Calculations

PREN (Pitting Resistance)		31
PREN (Pitting Resistance)		43

Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points		14
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points		15

Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points		25
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points		25

Strength to Weight: Axial, points		18
Strength to Weight: Axial, points		30

Strength to Weight: Bending, points		18
Strength to Weight: Bending, points		25

Thermal Shock Resistance, points		11
Thermal Shock Resistance, points		21

Alloy Composition

Carbon (C), %		0.2 to 0.6
Carbon (C), %		0 to 0.040

Chromium (Cr), %		28 to 32
Chromium (Cr), %		24 to 27

Copper (Cu), %		0
Copper (Cu), %		0 to 0.75

Iron (Fe), %		40.8 to 53.8
Iron (Fe), %		53.8 to 63.8

Manganese (Mn), %		0 to 2.0
Manganese (Mn), %		0.5 to 2.0

Molybdenum (Mo), %		0 to 0.5
Molybdenum (Mo), %		3.5 to 4.5

Nickel (Ni), %		18 to 22
Nickel (Ni), %		8.0 to 10.5

Nitrogen (N), %		0
Nitrogen (N), %		0.2 to 0.3

Phosphorus (P), %		0 to 0.040
Phosphorus (P), %		0 to 0.040

Silicon (Si), %		0 to 2.0
Silicon (Si), %		0 to 1.0

Sulfur (S), %		0 to 0.040
Sulfur (S), %		0 to 0.030