ASTM Grade HL Steel vs. CC497K Bronze

ASTM grade HL steel belongs to the iron alloys classification, while CC497K bronze belongs to the copper alloys. There are 25 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (7, in this case) are not shown.

For each property being compared, the top bar is ASTM grade HL steel and the bottom bar is CC497K bronze.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Brinell Hardness		150
Brinell Hardness		55

Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa		200
Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa		93

Elongation at Break, %		11
Elongation at Break, %		6.7

Poisson's Ratio		0.27
Poisson's Ratio		0.36

Shear Modulus, GPa		80
Shear Modulus, GPa		34

Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa		500
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa		190

Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa		270
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa		91

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g		320
Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g		160

Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C		1100
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C		130

Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C		1390
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C		870

Melting Onset (Solidus), °C		1340
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C		800

Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K		490
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K		330

Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K		17
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K		20

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative		27
Base Metal Price, % relative		29

Density, g/cm³		7.8
Density, g/cm³		9.3

Embodied Carbon, kg CO₂/kg material		4.5
Embodied Carbon, kg CO₂/kg material		3.0

Embodied Energy, MJ/kg		65
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg		48

Embodied Water, L/kg		210
Embodied Water, L/kg		370

Common Calculations

Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m³		48
Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m³		10

Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m³		180
Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m³		45

Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points		14
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points		5.5

Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points		25
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points		16

Strength to Weight: Axial, points		18
Strength to Weight: Axial, points		5.6

Strength to Weight: Bending, points		18
Strength to Weight: Bending, points		7.8

Thermal Shock Resistance, points		11
Thermal Shock Resistance, points		7.2

Alloy Composition

Aluminum (Al), %		0
Aluminum (Al), %		0 to 0.010

Antimony (Sb), %		0
Antimony (Sb), %		0 to 0.75

Carbon (C), %		0.2 to 0.6
Carbon (C), %		0

Chromium (Cr), %		28 to 32
Chromium (Cr), %		0

Copper (Cu), %		0
Copper (Cu), %		67.5 to 77.5

Iron (Fe), %		40.8 to 53.8
Iron (Fe), %		0 to 0.25

Lead (Pb), %		0
Lead (Pb), %		18 to 23

Manganese (Mn), %		0 to 2.0
Manganese (Mn), %		0 to 0.2

Molybdenum (Mo), %		0 to 0.5
Molybdenum (Mo), %		0

Nickel (Ni), %		18 to 22
Nickel (Ni), %		0.5 to 2.5

Phosphorus (P), %		0 to 0.040
Phosphorus (P), %		0 to 0.1

Silicon (Si), %		0 to 2.0
Silicon (Si), %		0 to 0.010

Sulfur (S), %		0 to 0.040
Sulfur (S), %		0 to 0.1

Tin (Sn), %		0
Tin (Sn), %		4.0 to 6.0

Zinc (Zn), %		0
Zinc (Zn), %		0 to 2.0