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ASTM Grade HL Steel vs. Grade 27 Titanium

ASTM grade HL steel belongs to the iron alloys classification, while grade 27 titanium belongs to the titanium alloys. There are 25 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (9, in this case) are not shown.

For each property being compared, the top bar is ASTM grade HL steel and the bottom bar is grade 27 titanium.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 200
110
Elongation at Break, % 11
27
Fatigue Strength, MPa 150
170
Poisson's Ratio 0.27
0.32
Shear Modulus, GPa 80
41
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 500
270
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa 270
230

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 320
420
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C 1100
320
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 1390
1660
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 1340
1610
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 490
540
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 17
8.7

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 27
37
Density, g/cm3 7.8
4.5
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 4.5
33
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 65
530
Embodied Water, L/kg 210
320

Common Calculations

Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 48
70
Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 180
240
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 14
13
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 25
35
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 18
17
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 18
21
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 11
21

Alloy Composition

Carbon (C), % 0.2 to 0.6
0 to 0.080
Chromium (Cr), % 28 to 32
0
Hydrogen (H), % 0
0 to 0.015
Iron (Fe), % 40.8 to 53.8
0 to 0.2
Manganese (Mn), % 0 to 2.0
0
Molybdenum (Mo), % 0 to 0.5
0
Nickel (Ni), % 18 to 22
0
Nitrogen (N), % 0
0 to 0.030
Oxygen (O), % 0
0 to 0.18
Phosphorus (P), % 0 to 0.040
0
Ruthenium (Ru), % 0
0.080 to 0.14
Silicon (Si), % 0 to 2.0
0
Sulfur (S), % 0 to 0.040
0
Titanium (Ti), % 0
99 to 99.92
Residuals, % 0
0 to 0.4