ASTM Grade HL Steel vs. Grade CX2M Nickel
ASTM grade HL steel belongs to the iron alloys classification, while grade CX2M nickel belongs to the nickel alloys. They have 45% of their average alloy composition in common. There are 25 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (5, in this case) are not shown.
For each property being compared, the top bar is ASTM grade HL steel and the bottom bar is grade CX2M nickel.
Metric UnitsUS Customary Units
Mechanical Properties
| Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa | 200 | |
| 220 |
| Elongation at Break, % | 11 | |
| 45 |
| Fatigue Strength, MPa | 150 | |
| 260 |
| Poisson's Ratio | 0.27 | |
| 0.29 |
| Shear Modulus, GPa | 80 | |
| 84 |
| Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa | 500 | |
| 550 |
| Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa | 270 | |
| 310 |
Thermal Properties
| Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g | 320 | |
| 330 |
| Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C | 1100 | |
| 990 |
| Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C | 1390 | |
| 1500 |
| Melting Onset (Solidus), °C | 1340 | |
| 1450 |
| Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K | 490 | |
| 430 |
| Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K | 17 | |
| 12 |
Otherwise Unclassified Properties
| Base Metal Price, % relative | 27 | |
| 65 |
| Density, g/cm3 | 7.8 | |
| 8.7 |
| Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material | 4.5 | |
| 12 |
| Embodied Energy, MJ/kg | 65 | |
| 160 |
| Embodied Water, L/kg | 210 | |
| 310 |
Common Calculations
| Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 | 48 | |
| 210 |
| Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 | 180 | |
| 220 |
| Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points | 14 | |
| 14 |
| Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points | 25 | |
| 23 |
| Strength to Weight: Axial, points | 18 | |
| 18 |
| Strength to Weight: Bending, points | 18 | |
| 17 |
| Thermal Shock Resistance, points | 11 | |
| 15 |
Alloy Composition
| Carbon (C), % | 0.2 to 0.6 | |
| 0 to 0.020 |
| Chromium (Cr), % | 28 to 32 | |
| 22 to 24 |
| Iron (Fe), % | 40.8 to 53.8 | |
| 0 to 1.5 |
| Manganese (Mn), % | 0 to 2.0 | |
| 0 to 1.0 |
| Molybdenum (Mo), % | 0 to 0.5 | |
| 15 to 16.5 |
| Nickel (Ni), % | 18 to 22 | |
| 56.4 to 63 |
| Phosphorus (P), % | 0 to 0.040 | |
| 0 to 0.020 |
| Silicon (Si), % | 0 to 2.0 | |
| 0 to 0.5 |
| Sulfur (S), % | 0 to 0.040 | |
| 0 to 0.020 |