ASTM Grade HL Steel vs. SAE-AISI D4 Steel
Both ASTM grade HL steel and SAE-AISI D4 steel are iron alloys. They have 61% of their average alloy composition in common. There are 24 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (9, in this case) are not shown.
For each property being compared, the top bar is ASTM grade HL steel and the bottom bar is SAE-AISI D4 steel.
Metric UnitsUS Customary Units
Mechanical Properties
| Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa | 200 | |
| 190 |
| Elongation at Break, % | 11 | |
| 8.4 to 15 |
| Fatigue Strength, MPa | 150 | |
| 310 to 920 |
| Poisson's Ratio | 0.27 | |
| 0.28 |
| Shear Modulus, GPa | 80 | |
| 74 |
| Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa | 500 | |
| 760 to 2060 |
| Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa | 270 | |
| 470 to 1540 |
Thermal Properties
| Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g | 320 | |
| 270 |
| Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C | 1390 | |
| 1430 |
| Melting Onset (Solidus), °C | 1340 | |
| 1380 |
| Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K | 490 | |
| 480 |
| Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K | 17 | |
| 12 |
Otherwise Unclassified Properties
| Base Metal Price, % relative | 27 | |
| 8.0 |
| Density, g/cm3 | 7.8 | |
| 7.7 |
| Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material | 4.5 | |
| 3.3 |
| Embodied Energy, MJ/kg | 65 | |
| 49 |
| Embodied Water, L/kg | 210 | |
| 100 |
Common Calculations
| PREN (Pitting Resistance) | 31 | |
| 15 |
| Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 | 48 | |
| 100 to 160 |
| Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points | 14 | |
| 14 |
| Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points | 25 | |
| 25 |
| Strength to Weight: Axial, points | 18 | |
| 27 to 75 |
| Strength to Weight: Bending, points | 18 | |
| 24 to 47 |
| Thermal Shock Resistance, points | 11 | |
| 23 to 63 |
Alloy Composition
| Carbon (C), % | 0.2 to 0.6 | |
| 2.1 to 2.4 |
| Chromium (Cr), % | 28 to 32 | |
| 11 to 13 |
| Copper (Cu), % | 0 | |
| 0 to 0.25 |
| Iron (Fe), % | 40.8 to 53.8 | |
| 80.6 to 86.3 |
| Manganese (Mn), % | 0 to 2.0 | |
| 0 to 0.6 |
| Molybdenum (Mo), % | 0 to 0.5 | |
| 0.7 to 1.2 |
| Nickel (Ni), % | 18 to 22 | |
| 0 to 0.3 |
| Phosphorus (P), % | 0 to 0.040 | |
| 0 to 0.030 |
| Silicon (Si), % | 0 to 2.0 | |
| 0 to 0.6 |
| Sulfur (S), % | 0 to 0.040 | |
| 0 to 0.030 |
| Vanadium (V), % | 0 | |
| 0 to 1.0 |