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ASTM Grade HL Steel vs. C82800 Copper

ASTM grade HL steel belongs to the iron alloys classification, while C82800 copper belongs to the copper alloys. There are 23 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (10, in this case) are not shown.

For each property being compared, the top bar is ASTM grade HL steel and the bottom bar is C82800 copper.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 200
120
Elongation at Break, % 11
1.0 to 20
Poisson's Ratio 0.27
0.33
Shear Modulus, GPa 80
46
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 500
670 to 1140
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa 270
380 to 1000

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 320
240
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C 1100
310
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 1390
930
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 1340
890
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 490
390
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 17
17

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Density, g/cm3 7.8
8.7
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 4.5
12
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 65
190
Embodied Water, L/kg 210
310

Common Calculations

Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 48
11 to 110
Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 180
590 to 4080
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 14
7.8
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 25
19
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 18
21 to 36
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 18
20 to 28
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 11
23 to 39

Alloy Composition

Aluminum (Al), % 0
0 to 0.15
Beryllium (Be), % 0
2.5 to 2.9
Carbon (C), % 0.2 to 0.6
0
Chromium (Cr), % 28 to 32
0 to 0.1
Cobalt (Co), % 0
0.15 to 0.7
Copper (Cu), % 0
94.6 to 97.2
Iron (Fe), % 40.8 to 53.8
0 to 0.25
Lead (Pb), % 0
0 to 0.020
Manganese (Mn), % 0 to 2.0
0
Molybdenum (Mo), % 0 to 0.5
0
Nickel (Ni), % 18 to 22
0 to 0.2
Phosphorus (P), % 0 to 0.040
0
Silicon (Si), % 0 to 2.0
0.2 to 0.35
Sulfur (S), % 0 to 0.040
0
Tin (Sn), % 0
0 to 0.1
Titanium (Ti), % 0
0 to 0.12
Zinc (Zn), % 0
0 to 0.1
Residuals, % 0
0 to 0.5