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ASTM Grade HL Steel vs. S32304 Stainless Steel

Both ASTM grade HL steel and S32304 stainless steel are iron alloys. They have 76% of their average alloy composition in common. There are 28 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (6, in this case) are not shown.

For each property being compared, the top bar is ASTM grade HL steel and the bottom bar is S32304 stainless steel.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Brinell Hardness 150
250
Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 200
200
Elongation at Break, % 11
28
Fatigue Strength, MPa 150
330
Poisson's Ratio 0.27
0.27
Shear Modulus, GPa 80
79
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 500
670
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa 270
460

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 320
290
Maximum Temperature: Corrosion, °C 460
440
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C 1100
1050
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 1390
1420
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 1340
1380
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 490
480
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 17
13

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 27
14
Density, g/cm3 7.8
7.7
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 4.5
2.8
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 65
40
Embodied Water, L/kg 210
160

Common Calculations

PREN (Pitting Resistance) 31
26
Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 48
170
Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 180
520
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 14
14
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 25
25
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 18
24
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 18
22
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 11
18

Alloy Composition

Carbon (C), % 0.2 to 0.6
0 to 0.030
Chromium (Cr), % 28 to 32
21.5 to 24.5
Copper (Cu), % 0
0.050 to 0.6
Iron (Fe), % 40.8 to 53.8
65 to 75.4
Manganese (Mn), % 0 to 2.0
0 to 2.5
Molybdenum (Mo), % 0 to 0.5
0.050 to 0.6
Nickel (Ni), % 18 to 22
3.0 to 5.5
Nitrogen (N), % 0
0.050 to 0.2
Phosphorus (P), % 0 to 0.040
0 to 0.040
Silicon (Si), % 0 to 2.0
0 to 1.0
Sulfur (S), % 0 to 0.040
0 to 0.030