ASTM Grade HN Steel vs. Type 4 Niobium
ASTM grade HN steel belongs to the iron alloys classification, while Type 4 niobium belongs to the otherwise unclassified metals. There are 18 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (11, in this case) are not shown.
For each property being compared, the top bar is ASTM grade HN steel and the bottom bar is Type 4 niobium.
Metric UnitsUS Customary Units
Mechanical Properties
| Brinell Hardness | 140 | |
| 120 |
| Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa | 200 | |
| 110 |
| Elongation at Break, % | 9.0 | |
| 23 |
| Poisson's Ratio | 0.28 | |
| 0.4 |
| Shear Modulus, GPa | 77 | |
| 38 |
| Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa | 500 | |
| 220 |
Thermal Properties
| Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g | 310 | |
| 310 |
| Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K | 480 | |
| 270 |
| Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K | 13 | |
| 42 |
| Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K | 16 | |
| 7.3 |
Otherwise Unclassified Properties
| Density, g/cm3 | 7.9 | |
| 8.6 |
| Embodied Water, L/kg | 180 | |
| 160 |
Common Calculations
| Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points | 14 | |
| 6.8 |
| Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points | 25 | |
| 18 |
| Strength to Weight: Axial, points | 17 | |
| 7.2 |
| Strength to Weight: Bending, points | 18 | |
| 9.5 |
| Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s | 3.5 | |
| 18 |
| Thermal Shock Resistance, points | 11 | |
| 21 |
Alloy Composition
| Carbon (C), % | 0.2 to 0.5 | |
| 0 to 0.010 |
| Chromium (Cr), % | 19 to 23 | |
| 0 |
| Hafnium (Hf), % | 0 | |
| 0 to 0.020 |
| Hydrogen (H), % | 0 | |
| 0 to 0.0015 |
| Iron (Fe), % | 44.9 to 57.8 | |
| 0 to 0.010 |
| Manganese (Mn), % | 0 to 2.0 | |
| 0 |
| Molybdenum (Mo), % | 0 to 0.5 | |
| 0 to 0.050 |
| Nickel (Ni), % | 23 to 27 | |
| 0 to 0.0050 |
| Niobium (Nb), % | 0 | |
| 98.1 to 99.2 |
| Nitrogen (N), % | 0 | |
| 0 to 0.010 |
| Oxygen (O), % | 0 | |
| 0 to 0.025 |
| Phosphorus (P), % | 0 to 0.040 | |
| 0 |
| Silicon (Si), % | 0 to 2.0 | |
| 0 to 0.0050 |
| Sulfur (S), % | 0 to 0.040 | |
| 0 |
| Tantalum (Ta), % | 0 | |
| 0 to 0.5 |
| Titanium (Ti), % | 0 | |
| 0 to 0.020 |
| Tungsten (W), % | 0 | |
| 0 to 0.050 |
| Zirconium (Zr), % | 0 | |
| 0.8 to 1.2 |