ASTM Grade HN Steel vs. R30016 Cobalt
ASTM grade HN steel belongs to the iron alloys classification, while R30016 cobalt belongs to the cobalt alloys. They have a modest 27% of their average alloy composition in common, which, by itself, doesn't mean much. There are 21 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (16, in this case) are not shown.
For each property being compared, the top bar is ASTM grade HN steel and the bottom bar is R30016 cobalt.
Metric UnitsUS Customary Units
Mechanical Properties
| Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa | 200 | |
| 220 |
| Elongation at Break, % | 9.0 | |
| 8.4 |
| Poisson's Ratio | 0.28 | |
| 0.28 |
| Shear Modulus, GPa | 77 | |
| 85 |
| Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa | 500 | |
| 1010 |
Thermal Properties
| Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g | 310 | |
| 320 |
| Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C | 1400 | |
| 1360 |
| Melting Onset (Solidus), °C | 1350 | |
| 1270 |
| Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K | 480 | |
| 450 |
| Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K | 13 | |
| 15 |
| Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K | 16 | |
| 14 |
Otherwise Unclassified Properties
| Density, g/cm3 | 7.9 | |
| 8.5 |
| Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material | 4.6 | |
| 7.7 |
| Embodied Energy, MJ/kg | 66 | |
| 110 |
| Embodied Water, L/kg | 180 | |
| 500 |
Common Calculations
| Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points | 14 | |
| 14 |
| Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points | 25 | |
| 24 |
| Strength to Weight: Axial, points | 17 | |
| 33 |
| Strength to Weight: Bending, points | 18 | |
| 26 |
| Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s | 3.5 | |
| 3.9 |
| Thermal Shock Resistance, points | 11 | |
| 24 |
Alloy Composition
| Carbon (C), % | 0.2 to 0.5 | |
| 0.9 to 1.4 |
| Chromium (Cr), % | 19 to 23 | |
| 28 to 32 |
| Cobalt (Co), % | 0 | |
| 49.6 to 66.9 |
| Iron (Fe), % | 44.9 to 57.8 | |
| 0 to 3.0 |
| Manganese (Mn), % | 0 to 2.0 | |
| 0.5 to 2.0 |
| Molybdenum (Mo), % | 0 to 0.5 | |
| 0 to 1.5 |
| Nickel (Ni), % | 23 to 27 | |
| 0 to 3.0 |
| Phosphorus (P), % | 0 to 0.040 | |
| 0 |
| Silicon (Si), % | 0 to 2.0 | |
| 0.2 to 2.0 |
| Sulfur (S), % | 0 to 0.040 | |
| 0 |
| Tungsten (W), % | 0 | |
| 3.5 to 5.5 |