ASTM Grade HP Steel vs. SAE-AISI 4161 Steel
Both ASTM grade HP steel and SAE-AISI 4161 steel are iron alloys. They have a modest 39% of their average alloy composition in common, which, by itself, doesn't mean much. There are 28 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (5, in this case) are not shown.
For each property being compared, the top bar is ASTM grade HP steel and the bottom bar is SAE-AISI 4161 steel.
Metric UnitsUS Customary Units
Mechanical Properties
| Brinell Hardness | 140 | |
| 200 |
| Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa | 200 | |
| 190 |
| Elongation at Break, % | 5.1 | |
| 20 |
| Fatigue Strength, MPa | 130 | |
| 290 |
| Poisson's Ratio | 0.28 | |
| 0.29 |
| Shear Modulus, GPa | 78 | |
| 73 |
| Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa | 490 | |
| 680 |
| Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa | 260 | |
| 410 |
Thermal Properties
| Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g | 320 | |
| 250 |
| Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C | 1100 | |
| 420 |
| Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C | 1370 | |
| 1460 |
| Melting Onset (Solidus), °C | 1330 | |
| 1410 |
| Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K | 480 | |
| 470 |
| Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K | 12 | |
| 43 |
| Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K | 16 | |
| 12 |
Otherwise Unclassified Properties
| Base Metal Price, % relative | 34 | |
| 2.5 |
| Density, g/cm3 | 7.9 | |
| 7.8 |
| Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material | 5.8 | |
| 1.5 |
| Embodied Energy, MJ/kg | 82 | |
| 20 |
| Embodied Water, L/kg | 220 | |
| 50 |
Common Calculations
| Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 | 21 | |
| 120 |
| Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 | 170 | |
| 460 |
| Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points | 14 | |
| 13 |
| Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points | 25 | |
| 24 |
| Strength to Weight: Axial, points | 17 | |
| 24 |
| Strength to Weight: Bending, points | 17 | |
| 22 |
| Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s | 3.2 | |
| 12 |
| Thermal Shock Resistance, points | 11 | |
| 22 |
Alloy Composition
| Carbon (C), % | 0.35 to 0.75 | |
| 0.56 to 0.64 |
| Chromium (Cr), % | 24 to 28 | |
| 0.7 to 0.9 |
| Iron (Fe), % | 29.2 to 42.7 | |
| 96.7 to 97.6 |
| Manganese (Mn), % | 0 to 2.0 | |
| 0.75 to 1.0 |
| Molybdenum (Mo), % | 0 to 0.5 | |
| 0.25 to 0.35 |
| Nickel (Ni), % | 33 to 37 | |
| 0 |
| Phosphorus (P), % | 0 to 0.040 | |
| 0 to 0.035 |
| Silicon (Si), % | 0 to 2.5 | |
| 0.15 to 0.35 |
| Sulfur (S), % | 0 to 0.040 | |
| 0 to 0.040 |