AWS E16-8-2 vs. SAE-AISI D4 Steel
Both AWS E16-8-2 and SAE-AISI D4 steel are iron alloys. They have 86% of their average alloy composition in common. There are 25 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (4, in this case) are not shown.
For each property being compared, the top bar is AWS E16-8-2 and the bottom bar is SAE-AISI D4 steel.
Metric UnitsUS Customary Units
Mechanical Properties
| Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa | 200 | |
| 190 |
| Elongation at Break, % | 40 | |
| 8.4 to 15 |
| Poisson's Ratio | 0.28 | |
| 0.28 |
| Shear Modulus, GPa | 77 | |
| 74 |
| Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa | 620 | |
| 760 to 2060 |
Thermal Properties
| Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g | 280 | |
| 270 |
| Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C | 1440 | |
| 1430 |
| Melting Onset (Solidus), °C | 1400 | |
| 1380 |
| Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K | 470 | |
| 480 |
| Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K | 16 | |
| 31 |
| Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K | 14 | |
| 12 |
Electrical Properties
| Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS | 2.4 | |
| 4.2 |
| Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS | 2.7 | |
| 5.0 |
Otherwise Unclassified Properties
| Base Metal Price, % relative | 15 | |
| 8.0 |
| Density, g/cm3 | 7.9 | |
| 7.7 |
| Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material | 3.2 | |
| 3.3 |
| Embodied Energy, MJ/kg | 45 | |
| 49 |
| Embodied Water, L/kg | 140 | |
| 100 |
Common Calculations
| PREN (Pitting Resistance) | 20 | |
| 15 |
| Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points | 14 | |
| 14 |
| Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points | 25 | |
| 25 |
| Strength to Weight: Axial, points | 22 | |
| 27 to 75 |
| Strength to Weight: Bending, points | 20 | |
| 24 to 47 |
| Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s | 4.2 | |
| 8.3 |
| Thermal Shock Resistance, points | 16 | |
| 23 to 63 |
Alloy Composition
| Carbon (C), % | 0 to 0.1 | |
| 2.1 to 2.4 |
| Chromium (Cr), % | 14.5 to 16.5 | |
| 11 to 13 |
| Copper (Cu), % | 0 to 0.75 | |
| 0 to 0.25 |
| Iron (Fe), % | 68 to 76.5 | |
| 80.6 to 86.3 |
| Manganese (Mn), % | 0.5 to 2.5 | |
| 0 to 0.6 |
| Molybdenum (Mo), % | 1.0 to 2.0 | |
| 0.7 to 1.2 |
| Nickel (Ni), % | 7.5 to 9.5 | |
| 0 to 0.3 |
| Phosphorus (P), % | 0 to 0.030 | |
| 0 to 0.030 |
| Silicon (Si), % | 0 to 0.6 | |
| 0 to 0.6 |
| Sulfur (S), % | 0 to 0.030 | |
| 0 to 0.030 |
| Vanadium (V), % | 0 | |
| 0 to 1.0 |