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AWS E219 vs. ASTM A231 Spring Steel

Both AWS E219 and ASTM A231 spring steel are iron alloys. They have 65% of their average alloy composition in common. There are 22 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (10, in this case) are not shown.

For each property being compared, the top bar is AWS E219 and the bottom bar is ASTM A231 spring steel.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 200
190
Elongation at Break, % 17
14
Poisson's Ratio 0.28
0.29
Shear Modulus, GPa 78
73
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 690
1790

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 290
250
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 1400
1460
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 1360
1410
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 480
470
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 14
52
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 15
13

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 15
2.3
Density, g/cm3 7.7
7.8
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 3.1
2.0
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 44
28
Embodied Water, L/kg 160
51

Common Calculations

Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 14
13
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 25
24
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 25
64
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 23
42
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 3.8
14
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 17
53

Alloy Composition

Carbon (C), % 0 to 0.060
0.48 to 0.53
Chromium (Cr), % 19 to 21.5
0.8 to 1.1
Copper (Cu), % 0 to 0.75
0
Iron (Fe), % 58.6 to 67.4
96.7 to 97.7
Manganese (Mn), % 8.0 to 10
0.7 to 0.9
Molybdenum (Mo), % 0 to 0.75
0
Nickel (Ni), % 5.5 to 7.0
0
Nitrogen (N), % 0.1 to 0.3
0
Phosphorus (P), % 0 to 0.040
0 to 0.040
Silicon (Si), % 0 to 1.0
0.15 to 0.35
Sulfur (S), % 0 to 0.030
0 to 0.040
Vanadium (V), % 0
0.15 to 0.3