AWS E2593 vs. ASTM A232 Spring Steel
Both AWS E2593 and ASTM A232 spring steel are iron alloys. They have 60% of their average alloy composition in common. There are 22 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (10, in this case) are not shown.
For each property being compared, the top bar is AWS E2593 and the bottom bar is ASTM A232 spring steel.
Metric UnitsUS Customary Units
Mechanical Properties
| Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa | 200 | |
| 190 |
| Elongation at Break, % | 17 | |
| 14 |
| Poisson's Ratio | 0.27 | |
| 0.29 |
| Shear Modulus, GPa | 80 | |
| 73 |
| Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa | 850 | |
| 1790 |
Thermal Properties
| Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g | 300 | |
| 250 |
| Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C | 1430 | |
| 1460 |
| Melting Onset (Solidus), °C | 1390 | |
| 1410 |
| Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K | 470 | |
| 470 |
| Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K | 16 | |
| 52 |
| Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K | 14 | |
| 13 |
Otherwise Unclassified Properties
| Base Metal Price, % relative | 22 | |
| 2.3 |
| Density, g/cm3 | 7.8 | |
| 7.8 |
| Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material | 4.2 | |
| 2.0 |
| Embodied Energy, MJ/kg | 59 | |
| 28 |
| Embodied Water, L/kg | 190 | |
| 51 |
Common Calculations
| Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points | 14 | |
| 13 |
| Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points | 25 | |
| 24 |
| Strength to Weight: Axial, points | 30 | |
| 64 |
| Strength to Weight: Bending, points | 25 | |
| 42 |
| Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s | 4.3 | |
| 14 |
| Thermal Shock Resistance, points | 21 | |
| 53 |
Alloy Composition
| Carbon (C), % | 0 to 0.040 | |
| 0.48 to 0.53 |
| Chromium (Cr), % | 24 to 27 | |
| 0.8 to 1.1 |
| Copper (Cu), % | 1.5 to 3.0 | |
| 0 |
| Iron (Fe), % | 52.7 to 62.5 | |
| 96.8 to 97.7 |
| Manganese (Mn), % | 0.5 to 1.5 | |
| 0.7 to 0.9 |
| Molybdenum (Mo), % | 2.9 to 3.9 | |
| 0 |
| Nickel (Ni), % | 8.5 to 10.5 | |
| 0 |
| Nitrogen (N), % | 0.080 to 0.25 | |
| 0 |
| Phosphorus (P), % | 0 to 0.040 | |
| 0 to 0.020 |
| Silicon (Si), % | 0 to 1.0 | |
| 0.15 to 0.35 |
| Sulfur (S), % | 0 to 0.030 | |
| 0 to 0.035 |
| Vanadium (V), % | 0 | |
| 0.15 to 0.3 |