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AWS E309H vs. Grade 21 Titanium

AWS E309H belongs to the iron alloys classification, while grade 21 titanium belongs to the titanium alloys. There are 22 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (10, in this case) are not shown.

For each property being compared, the top bar is AWS E309H and the bottom bar is grade 21 titanium.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 200
140
Elongation at Break, % 34
9.0 to 17
Poisson's Ratio 0.27
0.32
Shear Modulus, GPa 78
51
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 620
890 to 1340

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 300
410
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 1410
1740
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 1370
1690
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 480
500
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 15
7.5
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 14
7.1

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 20
60
Density, g/cm3 7.8
5.4
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 3.7
32
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 52
490
Embodied Water, L/kg 180
180

Common Calculations

Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 14
14
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 25
32
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 22
46 to 69
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 21
38 to 50
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 4.0
2.8
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 16
66 to 100

Alloy Composition

Aluminum (Al), % 0
2.5 to 3.5
Carbon (C), % 0.040 to 0.15
0 to 0.050
Chromium (Cr), % 22 to 25
0
Copper (Cu), % 0 to 0.75
0
Hydrogen (H), % 0
0 to 0.015
Iron (Fe), % 55.8 to 65.5
0 to 0.4
Manganese (Mn), % 0.5 to 2.5
0
Molybdenum (Mo), % 0 to 0.75
14 to 16
Nickel (Ni), % 12 to 14
0
Niobium (Nb), % 0
2.2 to 3.2
Nitrogen (N), % 0
0 to 0.030
Oxygen (O), % 0
0 to 0.17
Phosphorus (P), % 0 to 0.040
0
Silicon (Si), % 0 to 1.0
0.15 to 0.25
Sulfur (S), % 0 to 0.030
0
Titanium (Ti), % 0
76 to 81.2
Residuals, % 0
0 to 0.4