AWS E312 vs. AISI 309S Stainless Steel

Both AWS E312 and AISI 309S stainless steel are iron alloys. They have a moderately high 92% of their average alloy composition in common. There are 21 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (14, in this case) are not shown.

For each property being compared, the top bar is AWS E312 and the bottom bar is AISI 309S stainless steel.

AWS E312 (W31310) Weld Metal AISI 309S (S30908) Stainless Steel

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa		200
Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa		200

Elongation at Break, %		25
Elongation at Break, %		42

Poisson's Ratio		0.27
Poisson's Ratio		0.27

Shear Modulus, GPa		80
Shear Modulus, GPa		78

Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa		740
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa		580

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g		310
Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g		290

Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C		1410
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C		1420

Melting Onset (Solidus), °C		1360
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C		1370

Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K		480
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K		480

Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K		15
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K		16

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative		20
Base Metal Price, % relative		19

Density, g/cm³		7.7
Density, g/cm³		7.8

Embodied Carbon, kg CO₂/kg material		3.6
Embodied Carbon, kg CO₂/kg material		3.6

Embodied Energy, MJ/kg		52
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg		51

Embodied Water, L/kg		200
Embodied Water, L/kg		170

Common Calculations

PREN (Pitting Resistance)		31
PREN (Pitting Resistance)		23

Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points		15
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points		14

Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points		25
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points		25

Strength to Weight: Axial, points		27
Strength to Weight: Axial, points		21

Strength to Weight: Bending, points		24
Strength to Weight: Bending, points		20

Thermal Shock Resistance, points		18
Thermal Shock Resistance, points		13

Alloy Composition

Carbon (C), %		0 to 0.15
Carbon (C), %		0 to 0.080

Chromium (Cr), %		28 to 32
Chromium (Cr), %		22 to 24

Copper (Cu), %		0 to 0.75
Copper (Cu), %		0

Iron (Fe), %		52.3 to 63.5
Iron (Fe), %		58.1 to 66

Manganese (Mn), %		0.5 to 2.5
Manganese (Mn), %		0 to 2.0

Molybdenum (Mo), %		0 to 0.75
Molybdenum (Mo), %		0

Nickel (Ni), %		8.0 to 10.5
Nickel (Ni), %		12 to 15

Phosphorus (P), %		0 to 0.040
Phosphorus (P), %		0 to 0.045

Silicon (Si), %		0 to 1.0
Silicon (Si), %		0 to 0.75

Sulfur (S), %		0 to 0.030
Sulfur (S), %		0 to 0.030