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AWS E316 vs. Grade 4 Titanium

AWS E316 belongs to the iron alloys classification, while grade 4 titanium belongs to the titanium alloys. There are 24 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (10, in this case) are not shown.

For each property being compared, the top bar is AWS E316 and the bottom bar is grade 4 titanium.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 200
110
Elongation at Break, % 34
17
Poisson's Ratio 0.28
0.32
Shear Modulus, GPa 78
41
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 580
640

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 290
420
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 1440
1660
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 1390
1610
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 470
540
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 15
19
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 14
9.4

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 2.3
3.1
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 2.6
6.3

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 20
37
Density, g/cm3 7.9
4.5
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 4.0
31
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 55
500
Embodied Water, L/kg 160
110

Common Calculations

Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 14
13
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 25
35
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 20
40
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 20
37
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 4.0
7.6
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 15
46

Alloy Composition

Carbon (C), % 0 to 0.080
0 to 0.080
Chromium (Cr), % 17 to 20
0
Copper (Cu), % 0 to 0.75
0
Hydrogen (H), % 0
0 to 0.015
Iron (Fe), % 58.6 to 69.5
0 to 0.5
Manganese (Mn), % 0.5 to 2.5
0
Molybdenum (Mo), % 2.0 to 3.0
0
Nickel (Ni), % 11 to 14
0
Nitrogen (N), % 0
0 to 0.050
Oxygen (O), % 0
0 to 0.4
Phosphorus (P), % 0 to 0.040
0
Silicon (Si), % 0 to 1.0
0
Sulfur (S), % 0 to 0.030
0
Titanium (Ti), % 0
98.6 to 100
Residuals, % 0
0 to 0.4