AWS E320 vs. Grey Cast Iron

Both AWS E320 and grey cast iron are iron alloys. They have a modest 39% of their average alloy composition in common, which, by itself, doesn't mean much. There are 20 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (12, in this case) are not shown.

For each property being compared, the top bar is AWS E320 and the bottom bar is grey cast iron.

AWS E320 (W88021) Weld Metal Grey Cast Iron

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa		200
Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa		180

Elongation at Break, %		34
Elongation at Break, %		9.6

Poisson's Ratio		0.28
Poisson's Ratio		0.29

Shear Modulus, GPa		77
Shear Modulus, GPa		69

Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa		620
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa		160 to 450

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g		300
Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g		280

Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C		1410
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C		1380

Melting Onset (Solidus), °C		1360
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C		1180

Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K		460
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K		490

Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K		14
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K		11

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative		38
Base Metal Price, % relative		1.9

Density, g/cm³		8.2
Density, g/cm³		7.5

Embodied Carbon, kg CO₂/kg material		6.5
Embodied Carbon, kg CO₂/kg material		1.5

Embodied Energy, MJ/kg		91
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg		21

Embodied Water, L/kg		220
Embodied Water, L/kg		44

Common Calculations

Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points		13
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points		13

Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points		24
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points		25

Strength to Weight: Axial, points		21
Strength to Weight: Axial, points		5.8 to 17

Strength to Weight: Bending, points		20
Strength to Weight: Bending, points		8.7 to 17

Thermal Shock Resistance, points		16
Thermal Shock Resistance, points		6.0 to 17

Alloy Composition

Carbon (C), %		0 to 0.070
Carbon (C), %		3.1 to 3.4

Chromium (Cr), %		19 to 21
Chromium (Cr), %		0

Copper (Cu), %		3.0 to 4.0
Copper (Cu), %		0

Iron (Fe), %		31.8 to 43.5
Iron (Fe), %		92.1 to 93.9

Manganese (Mn), %		0.5 to 2.5
Manganese (Mn), %		0.5 to 0.7

Molybdenum (Mo), %		2.0 to 3.0
Molybdenum (Mo), %		0

Nickel (Ni), %		32 to 36
Nickel (Ni), %		0

Niobium (Nb), %		0 to 1.0
Niobium (Nb), %		0

Phosphorus (P), %		0 to 0.040
Phosphorus (P), %		0 to 0.9

Silicon (Si), %		0 to 0.6
Silicon (Si), %		2.5 to 2.8

Sulfur (S), %		0 to 0.030
Sulfur (S), %		0 to 0.15