AWS E320 vs. SAE-AISI A4 Steel

Both AWS E320 and SAE-AISI A4 steel are iron alloys. They have 42% of their average alloy composition in common. There are 20 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (5, in this case) are not shown.

For each property being compared, the top bar is AWS E320 and the bottom bar is SAE-AISI A4 steel.

AWS E320 (W88021) Weld Metal SAE-AISI A4 (T30104) Air-Hardening Steel

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa		200
Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa		190

Poisson's Ratio		0.28
Poisson's Ratio		0.29

Shear Modulus, GPa		77
Shear Modulus, GPa		73

Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa		620
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa		710 to 2050

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g		300
Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g		250

Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C		1410
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C		1450

Melting Onset (Solidus), °C		1360
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C		1410

Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K		460
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K		470

Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K		14
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K		12

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative		38
Base Metal Price, % relative		3.9

Density, g/cm³		8.2
Density, g/cm³		7.8

Embodied Carbon, kg CO₂/kg material		6.5
Embodied Carbon, kg CO₂/kg material		1.8

Embodied Energy, MJ/kg		91
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg		24

Embodied Water, L/kg		220
Embodied Water, L/kg		59

Common Calculations

PREN (Pitting Resistance)		28
PREN (Pitting Resistance)		5.3

Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points		13
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points		13

Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points		24
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points		24

Strength to Weight: Axial, points		21
Strength to Weight: Axial, points		25 to 73

Strength to Weight: Bending, points		20
Strength to Weight: Bending, points		23 to 46

Thermal Shock Resistance, points		16
Thermal Shock Resistance, points		23 to 67

Alloy Composition

Carbon (C), %		0 to 0.070
Carbon (C), %		1.0 to 1.1

Chromium (Cr), %		19 to 21
Chromium (Cr), %		0.9 to 2.2

Copper (Cu), %		3.0 to 4.0
Copper (Cu), %		0 to 0.25

Iron (Fe), %		31.8 to 43.5
Iron (Fe), %		92 to 95.5

Manganese (Mn), %		0.5 to 2.5
Manganese (Mn), %		1.8 to 2.2

Molybdenum (Mo), %		2.0 to 3.0
Molybdenum (Mo), %		0.9 to 1.4

Nickel (Ni), %		32 to 36
Nickel (Ni), %		0 to 0.3

Niobium (Nb), %		0 to 1.0
Niobium (Nb), %		0

Phosphorus (P), %		0 to 0.040
Phosphorus (P), %		0 to 0.030

Silicon (Si), %		0 to 0.6
Silicon (Si), %		0 to 0.5

Sulfur (S), %		0 to 0.030
Sulfur (S), %		0 to 0.030