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AWS E33-31 vs. SAE-AISI 4340 Steel

Both AWS E33-31 and SAE-AISI 4340 steel are iron alloys. They have a modest 34% of their average alloy composition in common, which, by itself, doesn't mean much. There are 20 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (12, in this case) are not shown.

For each property being compared, the top bar is AWS E33-31 and the bottom bar is SAE-AISI 4340 steel.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 210
190
Elongation at Break, % 29
12 to 22
Poisson's Ratio 0.27
0.29
Shear Modulus, GPa 81
73
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 810
690 to 1280

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 320
250
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 1380
1460
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 1330
1420
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 480
470
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 14
13

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 36
3.5
Density, g/cm3 7.9
7.8
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 6.0
1.7
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 86
22
Embodied Water, L/kg 260
53

Common Calculations

Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 14
13
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 25
24
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 28
24 to 45
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 24
22 to 33
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 19
20 to 38

Alloy Composition

Carbon (C), % 0 to 0.030
0.38 to 0.43
Chromium (Cr), % 31 to 35
0.7 to 0.9
Copper (Cu), % 0.4 to 0.8
0
Iron (Fe), % 24.7 to 34.8
95.1 to 96.3
Manganese (Mn), % 2.5 to 4.0
0.6 to 0.8
Molybdenum (Mo), % 1.0 to 2.0
0.2 to 0.3
Nickel (Ni), % 30 to 32
1.7 to 2.0
Nitrogen (N), % 0.3 to 0.5
0
Phosphorus (P), % 0 to 0.020
0 to 0.035
Silicon (Si), % 0 to 0.9
0.15 to 0.35
Sulfur (S), % 0 to 0.010
0 to 0.040