AWS E33-31 vs. SAE-AISI 9254 Steel

Both AWS E33-31 and SAE-AISI 9254 steel are iron alloys. They have a modest 32% of their average alloy composition in common, which, by itself, doesn't mean much. There are 20 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (12, in this case) are not shown.

For each property being compared, the top bar is AWS E33-31 and the bottom bar is SAE-AISI 9254 steel.

AWS E33-31 (W33310) Weld Metal SAE-AISI 9254 (G92540) Silicon-Chromium Steel

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa		210
Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa		190

Elongation at Break, %		29
Elongation at Break, %		20

Poisson's Ratio		0.27
Poisson's Ratio		0.29

Shear Modulus, GPa		81
Shear Modulus, GPa		72

Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa		810
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa		660

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g		320
Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g		270

Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C		1380
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C		1440

Melting Onset (Solidus), °C		1330
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C		1400

Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K		480
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K		480

Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K		14
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K		13

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative		36
Base Metal Price, % relative		2.2

Density, g/cm³		7.9
Density, g/cm³		7.7

Embodied Carbon, kg CO₂/kg material		6.0
Embodied Carbon, kg CO₂/kg material		1.5

Embodied Energy, MJ/kg		86
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg		20

Embodied Water, L/kg		260
Embodied Water, L/kg		49

Common Calculations

Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points		14
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points		13

Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points		25
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points		25

Strength to Weight: Axial, points		28
Strength to Weight: Axial, points		24

Strength to Weight: Bending, points		24
Strength to Weight: Bending, points		22

Thermal Shock Resistance, points		19
Thermal Shock Resistance, points		20

Alloy Composition

Carbon (C), %		0 to 0.030
Carbon (C), %		0.51 to 0.59

Chromium (Cr), %		31 to 35
Chromium (Cr), %		0.6 to 0.8

Copper (Cu), %		0.4 to 0.8
Copper (Cu), %		0

Iron (Fe), %		24.7 to 34.8
Iron (Fe), %		96.1 to 97.1

Manganese (Mn), %		2.5 to 4.0
Manganese (Mn), %		0.6 to 0.8

Molybdenum (Mo), %		1.0 to 2.0
Molybdenum (Mo), %		0

Nickel (Ni), %		30 to 32
Nickel (Ni), %		0

Nitrogen (N), %		0.3 to 0.5
Nitrogen (N), %		0

Phosphorus (P), %		0 to 0.020
Phosphorus (P), %		0 to 0.035

Silicon (Si), %		0 to 0.9
Silicon (Si), %		1.2 to 1.6

Sulfur (S), %		0 to 0.010
Sulfur (S), %		0 to 0.040