AWS E33-31 vs. SAE-AISI M4 Steel
Both AWS E33-31 and SAE-AISI M4 steel are iron alloys. They have a modest 36% of their average alloy composition in common, which, by itself, doesn't mean much. There are 20 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (3, in this case) are not shown.
For each property being compared, the top bar is AWS E33-31 and the bottom bar is SAE-AISI M4 steel.
Metric UnitsUS Customary Units
Mechanical Properties
| Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa | 210 | |
| 200 |
| Poisson's Ratio | 0.27 | |
| 0.29 |
| Shear Modulus, GPa | 81 | |
| 76 |
| Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa | 810 | |
| 770 to 2150 |
Thermal Properties
| Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g | 320 | |
| 260 |
| Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C | 1380 | |
| 1610 |
| Melting Onset (Solidus), °C | 1330 | |
| 1560 |
| Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K | 480 | |
| 440 |
| Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K | 14 | |
| 12 |
Otherwise Unclassified Properties
| Base Metal Price, % relative | 36 | |
| 25 |
| Density, g/cm3 | 7.9 | |
| 8.3 |
| Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material | 6.0 | |
| 14 |
| Embodied Energy, MJ/kg | 86 | |
| 210 |
| Embodied Water, L/kg | 260 | |
| 110 |
Common Calculations
| PREN (Pitting Resistance) | 44 | |
| 30 |
| Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points | 14 | |
| 13 |
| Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points | 25 | |
| 23 |
| Strength to Weight: Axial, points | 28 | |
| 26 to 72 |
| Strength to Weight: Bending, points | 24 | |
| 23 to 45 |
| Thermal Shock Resistance, points | 19 | |
| 24 to 68 |
Alloy Composition
| Carbon (C), % | 0 to 0.030 | |
| 1.3 to 1.4 |
| Chromium (Cr), % | 31 to 35 | |
| 3.8 to 4.8 |
| Copper (Cu), % | 0.4 to 0.8 | |
| 0 to 0.25 |
| Iron (Fe), % | 24.7 to 34.8 | |
| 75.9 to 81.4 |
| Manganese (Mn), % | 2.5 to 4.0 | |
| 0.15 to 0.4 |
| Molybdenum (Mo), % | 1.0 to 2.0 | |
| 4.3 to 5.5 |
| Nickel (Ni), % | 30 to 32 | |
| 0 to 0.3 |
| Nitrogen (N), % | 0.3 to 0.5 | |
| 0 |
| Phosphorus (P), % | 0 to 0.020 | |
| 0 to 0.030 |
| Silicon (Si), % | 0 to 0.9 | |
| 0.2 to 0.45 |
| Sulfur (S), % | 0 to 0.010 | |
| 0 to 0.030 |
| Tungsten (W), % | 0 | |
| 5.3 to 6.5 |
| Vanadium (V), % | 0 | |
| 3.8 to 4.5 |