AWS ER90S-D2 vs. AWS E90C-K3
Both AWS ER90S-D2 and AWS E90C-K3 are iron alloys. Both are furnished in the as-welded condition. They have a very high 99% of their average alloy composition in common.
For each property being compared, the top bar is AWS ER90S-D2 and the bottom bar is AWS E90C-K3.
Metric UnitsUS Customary Units
Mechanical Properties
| Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa | 190 | |
| 190 |
| Elongation at Break, % | 19 | |
| 55 |
| Poisson's Ratio | 0.29 | |
| 0.29 |
| Shear Modulus, GPa | 73 | |
| 73 |
| Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa | 710 | |
| 710 |
| Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa | 600 | |
| 600 |
Thermal Properties
| Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g | 260 | |
| 250 |
| Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C | 1450 | |
| 1460 |
| Melting Onset (Solidus), °C | 1410 | |
| 1410 |
| Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K | 470 | |
| 470 |
| Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K | 47 | |
| 48 |
| Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K | 13 | |
| 13 |
Electrical Properties
| Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS | 7.4 | |
| 7.9 |
| Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS | 8.5 | |
| 9.0 |
Otherwise Unclassified Properties
| Base Metal Price, % relative | 2.6 | |
| 3.4 |
| Density, g/cm3 | 7.8 | |
| 7.8 |
| Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material | 1.6 | |
| 1.7 |
| Embodied Energy, MJ/kg | 21 | |
| 23 |
| Embodied Water, L/kg | 50 | |
| 53 |
Common Calculations
| Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 | 130 | |
| 370 |
| Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 | 980 | |
| 980 |
| Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points | 13 | |
| 13 |
| Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points | 24 | |
| 24 |
| Strength to Weight: Axial, points | 25 | |
| 25 |
| Strength to Weight: Bending, points | 23 | |
| 22 |
| Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s | 13 | |
| 13 |
| Thermal Shock Resistance, points | 21 | |
| 21 |
Alloy Composition
| Carbon (C), % | 0.070 to 0.12 | |
| 0 to 0.15 |
| Chromium (Cr), % | 0 | |
| 0 to 0.15 |
| Copper (Cu), % | 0 to 0.5 | |
| 0 to 0.35 |
| Iron (Fe), % | 95.2 to 97.4 | |
| 92.6 to 98.5 |
| Manganese (Mn), % | 1.6 to 2.1 | |
| 0.75 to 2.3 |
| Molybdenum (Mo), % | 0.4 to 0.6 | |
| 0.25 to 0.65 |
| Nickel (Ni), % | 0 to 0.15 | |
| 0.5 to 2.5 |
| Phosphorus (P), % | 0 to 0.025 | |
| 0 to 0.025 |
| Silicon (Si), % | 0.5 to 0.8 | |
| 0 to 0.8 |
| Sulfur (S), % | 0 to 0.025 | |
| 0 to 0.025 |
| Vanadium (V), % | 0 | |
| 0 to 0.030 |
| Residuals, % | 0 | |
| 0 to 0.5 |