AZ91D Magnesium vs. AWS E33-31
AZ91D magnesium belongs to the magnesium alloys classification, while AWS E33-31 belongs to the iron alloys. There are 20 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (15, in this case) are not shown. Please note that the two materials have significantly dissimilar densities. This means that additional care is required when interpreting the data, because some material properties are based on units of mass, while others are based on units of area or volume.
For each property being compared, the top bar is AZ91D magnesium and the bottom bar is AWS E33-31.
Metric UnitsUS Customary Units
Mechanical Properties
| Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa | 46 | |
| 210 |
| Elongation at Break, % | 2.3 to 4.5 | |
| 29 |
| Poisson's Ratio | 0.29 | |
| 0.27 |
| Shear Modulus, GPa | 18 | |
| 81 |
| Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa | 160 to 220 | |
| 810 |
Thermal Properties
| Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g | 350 | |
| 320 |
| Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C | 600 | |
| 1380 |
| Melting Onset (Solidus), °C | 490 | |
| 1330 |
| Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K | 990 | |
| 480 |
| Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K | 27 | |
| 14 |
Otherwise Unclassified Properties
| Base Metal Price, % relative | 12 | |
| 36 |
| Density, g/cm3 | 1.7 | |
| 7.9 |
| Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material | 22 | |
| 6.0 |
| Embodied Energy, MJ/kg | 160 | |
| 86 |
| Embodied Water, L/kg | 990 | |
| 260 |
Common Calculations
| Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points | 15 | |
| 14 |
| Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points | 69 | |
| 25 |
| Strength to Weight: Axial, points | 26 to 34 | |
| 28 |
| Strength to Weight: Bending, points | 38 to 46 | |
| 24 |
| Thermal Shock Resistance, points | 9.5 to 13 | |
| 19 |
Alloy Composition
| Aluminum (Al), % | 8.3 to 9.7 | |
| 0 |
| Carbon (C), % | 0 | |
| 0 to 0.030 |
| Chromium (Cr), % | 0 | |
| 31 to 35 |
| Copper (Cu), % | 0 to 0.030 | |
| 0.4 to 0.8 |
| Iron (Fe), % | 0 to 0.0050 | |
| 24.7 to 34.8 |
| Magnesium (Mg), % | 88.7 to 91.2 | |
| 0 |
| Manganese (Mn), % | 0.15 to 0.5 | |
| 2.5 to 4.0 |
| Molybdenum (Mo), % | 0 | |
| 1.0 to 2.0 |
| Nickel (Ni), % | 0 to 0.0020 | |
| 30 to 32 |
| Nitrogen (N), % | 0 | |
| 0.3 to 0.5 |
| Phosphorus (P), % | 0 | |
| 0 to 0.020 |
| Silicon (Si), % | 0 to 0.1 | |
| 0 to 0.9 |
| Sulfur (S), % | 0 | |
| 0 to 0.010 |
| Zinc (Zn), % | 0.35 to 1.0 | |
| 0 |