EN 1.4021 +A Steel vs. EN 1.4031 +A Steel
Both EN 1.4021 +A steel and EN 1.4031 +A steel are iron alloys. Both are furnished in the annealed condition. Their average alloy composition is basically identical.
For each property being compared, the top bar is EN 1.4021 +A steel and the bottom bar is EN 1.4031 +A steel.
Metric UnitsUS Customary Units
Mechanical Properties
| Brinell Hardness | 200 | |
| 210 |
| Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa | 190 | |
| 190 |
| Elongation at Break, % | 17 | |
| 13 |
| Fatigue Strength, MPa | 240 | |
| 220 |
| Poisson's Ratio | 0.28 | |
| 0.28 |
| Rockwell B Hardness | 82 | |
| 86 |
| Shear Modulus, GPa | 76 | |
| 76 |
| Shear Strength, MPa | 390 | |
| 400 |
| Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa | 630 | |
| 670 |
| Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa | 390 | |
| 390 |
Thermal Properties
| Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g | 270 | |
| 280 |
| Maximum Temperature: Corrosion, °C | 390 | |
| 390 |
| Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C | 760 | |
| 770 |
| Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C | 1440 | |
| 1440 |
| Melting Onset (Solidus), °C | 1400 | |
| 1400 |
| Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K | 480 | |
| 480 |
| Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K | 30 | |
| 30 |
| Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K | 11 | |
| 11 |
Electrical Properties
| Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS | 2.9 | |
| 3.1 |
| Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS | 3.3 | |
| 3.7 |
Otherwise Unclassified Properties
| Base Metal Price, % relative | 7.0 | |
| 7.0 |
| Density, g/cm3 | 7.7 | |
| 7.7 |
| Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material | 1.9 | |
| 1.9 |
| Embodied Energy, MJ/kg | 27 | |
| 27 |
| Embodied Water, L/kg | 100 | |
| 100 |
Common Calculations
| PREN (Pitting Resistance) | 13 | |
| 14 |
| Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 | 95 | |
| 77 |
| Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 | 400 | |
| 380 |
| Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points | 14 | |
| 14 |
| Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points | 25 | |
| 25 |
| Strength to Weight: Axial, points | 23 | |
| 24 |
| Strength to Weight: Bending, points | 21 | |
| 22 |
| Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s | 8.1 | |
| 8.1 |
| Thermal Shock Resistance, points | 22 | |
| 23 |
Alloy Composition
| Carbon (C), % | 0.16 to 0.25 | |
| 0.36 to 0.42 |
| Chromium (Cr), % | 12 to 14 | |
| 12.5 to 14.5 |
| Iron (Fe), % | 83.2 to 87.8 | |
| 83 to 87.1 |
| Manganese (Mn), % | 0 to 1.5 | |
| 0 to 1.0 |
| Phosphorus (P), % | 0 to 0.040 | |
| 0 to 0.040 |
| Silicon (Si), % | 0 to 1.0 | |
| 0 to 1.0 |
| Sulfur (S), % | 0 to 0.015 | |
| 0 to 0.015 |