Automotive Malleable Cast Iron vs. ASTM A229 Spring Steel
Both automotive malleable cast iron and ASTM A229 spring steel are iron alloys. They have a very high 97% of their average alloy composition in common. There are 28 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (3, in this case) are not shown.
For each property being compared, the top bar is automotive malleable cast iron and the bottom bar is ASTM A229 spring steel.
Metric UnitsUS Customary Units
Mechanical Properties
| Brinell Hardness | 130 to 290 | |
| 490 to 550 |
| Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa | 180 | |
| 190 |
| Elongation at Break, % | 1.0 to 10 | |
| 14 |
| Poisson's Ratio | 0.29 | |
| 0.29 |
| Shear Modulus, GPa | 70 | |
| 72 |
| Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa | 350 to 720 | |
| 1690 to 1890 |
| Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa | 220 to 590 | |
| 1100 to 1230 |
Thermal Properties
| Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g | 260 | |
| 250 |
| Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C | 1410 | |
| 1450 |
| Melting Onset (Solidus), °C | 1370 | |
| 1410 |
| Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K | 480 | |
| 470 |
| Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K | 41 | |
| 50 |
| Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K | 14 | |
| 12 |
Electrical Properties
| Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS | 7.4 | |
| 7.2 |
| Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS | 8.7 | |
| 8.3 |
Otherwise Unclassified Properties
| Base Metal Price, % relative | 1.9 | |
| 1.8 |
| Density, g/cm3 | 7.6 | |
| 7.8 |
| Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material | 1.5 | |
| 1.4 |
| Embodied Energy, MJ/kg | 20 | |
| 19 |
| Embodied Water, L/kg | 45 | |
| 46 |
Common Calculations
| Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 | 6.8 to 30 | |
| 200 to 230 |
| Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 | 130 to 950 | |
| 3260 to 4080 |
| Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points | 13 | |
| 13 |
| Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points | 25 | |
| 24 |
| Strength to Weight: Axial, points | 13 to 26 | |
| 60 to 67 |
| Strength to Weight: Bending, points | 14 to 24 | |
| 40 to 43 |
| Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s | 11 | |
| 14 |
| Thermal Shock Resistance, points | 9.9 to 21 | |
| 54 to 60 |
Alloy Composition
| Carbon (C), % | 2.2 to 2.9 | |
| 0.55 to 0.85 |
| Iron (Fe), % | 93.6 to 96.7 | |
| 97.5 to 99 |
| Manganese (Mn), % | 0.15 to 1.3 | |
| 0.3 to 1.2 |
| Phosphorus (P), % | 0.020 to 0.15 | |
| 0 to 0.040 |
| Silicon (Si), % | 0.9 to 1.9 | |
| 0.15 to 0.35 |
| Sulfur (S), % | 0.020 to 0.2 | |
| 0 to 0.050 |