Automotive Malleable Cast Iron vs. ASTM A372 Grade M Steel
Both automotive malleable cast iron and ASTM A372 grade M steel are iron alloys. They have a moderately high 94% of their average alloy composition in common. There are 28 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (4, in this case) are not shown.
For each property being compared, the top bar is automotive malleable cast iron and the bottom bar is ASTM A372 grade M steel.
Metric UnitsUS Customary Units
Mechanical Properties
| Brinell Hardness | 130 to 290 | |
| 240 to 280 |
| Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa | 180 | |
| 190 |
| Elongation at Break, % | 1.0 to 10 | |
| 18 to 21 |
| Poisson's Ratio | 0.29 | |
| 0.29 |
| Shear Modulus, GPa | 70 | |
| 73 |
| Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa | 350 to 720 | |
| 810 to 910 |
| Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa | 220 to 590 | |
| 660 to 770 |
Thermal Properties
| Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g | 260 | |
| 250 |
| Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C | 1410 | |
| 1460 |
| Melting Onset (Solidus), °C | 1370 | |
| 1420 |
| Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K | 480 | |
| 470 |
| Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K | 41 | |
| 46 |
| Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K | 14 | |
| 13 |
Electrical Properties
| Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS | 7.4 | |
| 8.0 |
| Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS | 8.7 | |
| 9.1 |
Otherwise Unclassified Properties
| Base Metal Price, % relative | 1.9 | |
| 5.0 |
| Density, g/cm3 | 7.6 | |
| 7.9 |
| Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material | 1.5 | |
| 2.0 |
| Embodied Energy, MJ/kg | 20 | |
| 27 |
| Embodied Water, L/kg | 45 | |
| 61 |
Common Calculations
| Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 | 6.8 to 30 | |
| 160 |
| Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 | 130 to 950 | |
| 1140 to 1580 |
| Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points | 13 | |
| 13 |
| Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points | 25 | |
| 24 |
| Strength to Weight: Axial, points | 13 to 26 | |
| 29 to 32 |
| Strength to Weight: Bending, points | 14 to 24 | |
| 24 to 27 |
| Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s | 11 | |
| 12 |
| Thermal Shock Resistance, points | 9.9 to 21 | |
| 24 to 27 |
Alloy Composition
| Carbon (C), % | 2.2 to 2.9 | |
| 0 to 0.23 |
| Chromium (Cr), % | 0 | |
| 1.5 to 2.0 |
| Iron (Fe), % | 93.6 to 96.7 | |
| 92.5 to 95.1 |
| Manganese (Mn), % | 0.15 to 1.3 | |
| 0.2 to 0.4 |
| Molybdenum (Mo), % | 0 | |
| 0.4 to 0.6 |
| Nickel (Ni), % | 0 | |
| 2.8 to 3.9 |
| Phosphorus (P), % | 0.020 to 0.15 | |
| 0 to 0.015 |
| Silicon (Si), % | 0.9 to 1.9 | |
| 0 to 0.3 |
| Sulfur (S), % | 0.020 to 0.2 | |
| 0 to 0.010 |
| Vanadium (V), % | 0 | |
| 0 to 0.080 |