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EN 1.0234 Steel vs. 1235 Aluminum

EN 1.0234 steel belongs to the iron alloys classification, while 1235 aluminum belongs to the aluminum alloys. There are 30 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (2, in this case) are not shown. Please note that the two materials have significantly dissimilar densities. This means that additional care is required when interpreting the data, because some material properties are based on units of mass, while others are based on units of area or volume.

For each property being compared, the top bar is EN 1.0234 steel and the bottom bar is 1235 aluminum.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 190
69
Elongation at Break, % 12 to 29
28 to 34
Fatigue Strength, MPa 170 to 270
23 to 58
Poisson's Ratio 0.29
0.33
Shear Modulus, GPa 73
26
Shear Strength, MPa 260 to 300
52 to 56
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 350 to 480
80 to 84
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa 220 to 410
23 to 57

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 250
400
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C 400
170
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 1460
640
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 1420
640
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 470
900
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 53
230
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 12
23

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 7.0
60
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 8.0
200

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 1.8
9.5
Density, g/cm3 7.9
2.7
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 1.4
8.3
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 18
160
Embodied Water, L/kg 46
1190

Common Calculations

Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 36 to 130
17 to 25
Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 130 to 440
3.8 to 24
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 13
14
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 24
50
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 12 to 17
8.2 to 8.6
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 14 to 17
15 to 16
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 14
93
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 11 to 15
3.6 to 3.7

Alloy Composition

Aluminum (Al), % 0.020 to 0.060
99.35 to 100
Carbon (C), % 0.13 to 0.17
0
Copper (Cu), % 0
0 to 0.050
Iron (Fe), % 99.02 to 99.5
0 to 0.65
Magnesium (Mg), % 0
0 to 0.050
Manganese (Mn), % 0.35 to 0.6
0 to 0.050
Phosphorus (P), % 0 to 0.025
0
Silicon (Si), % 0 to 0.1
0 to 0.65
Sulfur (S), % 0 to 0.025
0
Titanium (Ti), % 0
0 to 0.060
Vanadium (V), % 0
0 to 0.050
Zinc (Zn), % 0
0 to 0.1