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EN 1.0234 Steel vs. EN AC-21000 Aluminum

EN 1.0234 steel belongs to the iron alloys classification, while EN AC-21000 aluminum belongs to the aluminum alloys. There are 30 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (2, in this case) are not shown. Please note that the two materials have significantly dissimilar densities. This means that additional care is required when interpreting the data, because some material properties are based on units of mass, while others are based on units of area or volume.

For each property being compared, the top bar is EN 1.0234 steel and the bottom bar is EN AC-21000 aluminum.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Brinell Hardness 100 to 140
100
Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 190
71
Elongation at Break, % 12 to 29
6.7
Fatigue Strength, MPa 170 to 270
100
Poisson's Ratio 0.29
0.33
Shear Modulus, GPa 73
27
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 350 to 480
340
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa 220 to 410
240

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 250
390
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C 400
170
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 1460
670
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 1420
550
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 470
880
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 53
130
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 12
23

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 7.0
34
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 8.0
100

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 1.8
11
Density, g/cm3 7.9
3.0
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 1.4
8.0
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 18
150
Embodied Water, L/kg 46
1150

Common Calculations

Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 36 to 130
21
Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 130 to 440
390
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 13
13
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 24
46
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 12 to 17
32
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 14 to 17
36
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 14
49
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 11 to 15
15

Alloy Composition

Aluminum (Al), % 0.020 to 0.060
93.4 to 95.5
Carbon (C), % 0.13 to 0.17
0
Copper (Cu), % 0
4.2 to 5.0
Iron (Fe), % 99.02 to 99.5
0 to 0.35
Lead (Pb), % 0
0 to 0.050
Magnesium (Mg), % 0
0.15 to 0.35
Manganese (Mn), % 0.35 to 0.6
0 to 0.1
Nickel (Ni), % 0
0 to 0.050
Phosphorus (P), % 0 to 0.025
0
Silicon (Si), % 0 to 0.1
0 to 0.2
Sulfur (S), % 0 to 0.025
0
Tin (Sn), % 0
0 to 0.050
Titanium (Ti), % 0
0.15 to 0.3
Zinc (Zn), % 0
0 to 0.1
Residuals, % 0
0 to 0.1