EN 1.1221 Steel vs. Nickel 690
EN 1.1221 steel belongs to the iron alloys classification, while nickel 690 belongs to the nickel alloys.
For each property being compared, the top bar is EN 1.1221 steel and the bottom bar is nickel 690.
Metric UnitsUS Customary Units
Mechanical Properties
| Brinell Hardness | 210 to 250 | |
| 90 |
| Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa | 190 | |
| 200 |
| Elongation at Break, % | 10 to 21 | |
| 3.4 to 34 |
| Fatigue Strength, MPa | 240 to 340 | |
| 180 to 300 |
| Poisson's Ratio | 0.29 | |
| 0.28 |
| Shear Modulus, GPa | 72 | |
| 79 |
| Shear Strength, MPa | 450 to 520 | |
| 420 to 570 |
| Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa | 730 to 870 | |
| 640 to 990 |
| Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa | 390 to 550 | |
| 250 to 760 |
Thermal Properties
| Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g | 250 | |
| 320 |
| Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C | 400 | |
| 1010 |
| Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C | 1460 | |
| 1380 |
| Melting Onset (Solidus), °C | 1410 | |
| 1340 |
| Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K | 470 | |
| 470 |
| Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K | 48 | |
| 14 |
| Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K | 12 | |
| 14 |
Electrical Properties
| Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS | 7.2 | |
| 1.5 |
| Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS | 8.3 | |
| 1.6 |
Otherwise Unclassified Properties
| Base Metal Price, % relative | 2.1 | |
| 50 |
| Density, g/cm3 | 7.8 | |
| 8.3 |
| Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material | 1.5 | |
| 8.2 |
| Embodied Energy, MJ/kg | 19 | |
| 120 |
| Embodied Water, L/kg | 47 | |
| 290 |
Common Calculations
| Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 | 67 to 130 | |
| 31 to 170 |
| Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 | 410 to 800 | |
| 160 to 1440 |
| Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points | 13 | |
| 13 |
| Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points | 24 | |
| 24 |
| Strength to Weight: Axial, points | 26 to 31 | |
| 21 to 33 |
| Strength to Weight: Bending, points | 23 to 26 | |
| 20 to 27 |
| Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s | 13 | |
| 3.5 |
| Thermal Shock Resistance, points | 23 to 28 | |
| 16 to 25 |
Alloy Composition
| Carbon (C), % | 0.57 to 0.65 | |
| 0 to 0.050 |
| Chromium (Cr), % | 0 to 0.4 | |
| 27 to 31 |
| Copper (Cu), % | 0 | |
| 0 to 0.5 |
| Iron (Fe), % | 97.1 to 98.8 | |
| 7.0 to 11 |
| Manganese (Mn), % | 0.6 to 0.9 | |
| 0 to 0.5 |
| Molybdenum (Mo), % | 0 to 0.1 | |
| 0 |
| Nickel (Ni), % | 0 to 0.4 | |
| 58 to 66 |
| Phosphorus (P), % | 0 to 0.035 | |
| 0 |
| Silicon (Si), % | 0 to 0.4 | |
| 0 to 0.5 |
| Sulfur (S), % | 0 to 0.035 | |
| 0 to 0.015 |