EN 1.4404 Stainless Steel vs. ASTM A232 Spring Steel
Both EN 1.4404 stainless steel and ASTM A232 spring steel are iron alloys. They have 69% of their average alloy composition in common. There are 30 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (5, in this case) are not shown.
For each property being compared, the top bar is EN 1.4404 stainless steel and the bottom bar is ASTM A232 spring steel.
Metric UnitsUS Customary Units
Mechanical Properties
| Brinell Hardness | 190 to 270 | |
| 540 |
| Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa | 200 | |
| 190 |
| Elongation at Break, % | 14 to 43 | |
| 14 |
| Fatigue Strength, MPa | 220 to 320 | |
| 1040 |
| Poisson's Ratio | 0.28 | |
| 0.29 |
| Shear Modulus, GPa | 78 | |
| 73 |
| Shear Strength, MPa | 420 to 550 | |
| 1090 |
| Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa | 600 to 900 | |
| 1790 |
| Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa | 240 to 570 | |
| 1610 |
Thermal Properties
| Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g | 290 | |
| 250 |
| Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C | 950 | |
| 420 |
| Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C | 1440 | |
| 1460 |
| Melting Onset (Solidus), °C | 1400 | |
| 1410 |
| Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K | 470 | |
| 470 |
| Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K | 15 | |
| 52 |
| Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K | 16 | |
| 13 |
Electrical Properties
| Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS | 2.3 | |
| 7.3 |
| Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS | 2.6 | |
| 8.4 |
Otherwise Unclassified Properties
| Base Metal Price, % relative | 19 | |
| 2.3 |
| Density, g/cm3 | 7.9 | |
| 7.8 |
| Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material | 3.8 | |
| 2.0 |
| Embodied Energy, MJ/kg | 52 | |
| 28 |
| Embodied Water, L/kg | 150 | |
| 51 |
Common Calculations
| Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 | 110 to 210 | |
| 250 |
| Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points | 14 | |
| 13 |
| Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points | 25 | |
| 24 |
| Strength to Weight: Axial, points | 21 to 32 | |
| 64 |
| Strength to Weight: Bending, points | 20 to 26 | |
| 42 |
| Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s | 4.0 | |
| 14 |
| Thermal Shock Resistance, points | 13 to 20 | |
| 53 |
Alloy Composition
| Carbon (C), % | 0 to 0.030 | |
| 0.48 to 0.53 |
| Chromium (Cr), % | 16.5 to 18.5 | |
| 0.8 to 1.1 |
| Iron (Fe), % | 62.8 to 71.5 | |
| 96.8 to 97.7 |
| Manganese (Mn), % | 0 to 2.0 | |
| 0.7 to 0.9 |
| Molybdenum (Mo), % | 2.0 to 2.5 | |
| 0 |
| Nickel (Ni), % | 10 to 13 | |
| 0 |
| Nitrogen (N), % | 0 to 0.1 | |
| 0 |
| Phosphorus (P), % | 0 to 0.045 | |
| 0 to 0.020 |
| Silicon (Si), % | 0 to 1.0 | |
| 0.15 to 0.35 |
| Sulfur (S), % | 0 to 0.015 | |
| 0 to 0.035 |
| Vanadium (V), % | 0 | |
| 0.15 to 0.3 |