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EN 1.4421 Stainless Steel vs. ASTM A321 Carbon Steel

Both EN 1.4421 stainless steel and ASTM A321 carbon steel are iron alloys. They have 78% of their average alloy composition in common. There are 29 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (6, in this case) are not shown.

For each property being compared, the top bar is EN 1.4421 stainless steel and the bottom bar is ASTM A321 carbon steel.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 200
190
Elongation at Break, % 11 to 17
21
Fatigue Strength, MPa 380 to 520
270
Poisson's Ratio 0.28
0.29
Shear Modulus, GPa 77
73
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 880 to 1100
670
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa 620 to 950
390

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 280
250
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C 870
400
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 1440
1460
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 1400
1420
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 480
470
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 16
51
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 10
12

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 2.2
7.1
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 2.5
8.1

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 12
1.8
Density, g/cm3 7.8
7.8
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 2.6
1.4
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 36
18
Embodied Water, L/kg 130
46

Common Calculations

Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 120 to 140
120
Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 960 to 2270
400
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 14
13
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 25
24
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 31 to 39
24
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 26 to 30
22
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 4.4
14
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 31 to 39
21

Alloy Composition

Carbon (C), % 0 to 0.060
0 to 0.55
Chromium (Cr), % 15.5 to 17.5
0
Iron (Fe), % 74.4 to 80.5
98.1 to 99.25
Manganese (Mn), % 0 to 1.0
0.6 to 0.9
Molybdenum (Mo), % 0 to 0.7
0
Nickel (Ni), % 4.0 to 5.5
0
Phosphorus (P), % 0 to 0.035
0 to 0.040
Silicon (Si), % 0 to 0.8
0.15 to 0.35
Sulfur (S), % 0 to 0.020
0 to 0.050