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EN 1.6311 Steel vs. 354.0 Aluminum

EN 1.6311 steel belongs to the iron alloys classification, while 354.0 aluminum belongs to the aluminum alloys. There are 29 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (4, in this case) are not shown. Please note that the two materials have significantly dissimilar densities. This means that additional care is required when interpreting the data, because some material properties are based on units of mass, while others are based on units of area or volume.

For each property being compared, the top bar is EN 1.6311 steel and the bottom bar is 354.0 aluminum.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 190
71
Elongation at Break, % 19
2.4 to 3.0
Fatigue Strength, MPa 340
92 to 120
Poisson's Ratio 0.29
0.33
Shear Modulus, GPa 73
27
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 650
360 to 380
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa 490
280 to 310

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 250
530
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C 410
170
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 1460
600
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 1420
550
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 470
900
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 39
130
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 13
21

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 7.4
32
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 8.5
110

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 2.9
9.5
Density, g/cm3 7.9
2.7
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 1.6
7.8
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 22
150
Embodied Water, L/kg 51
1070

Common Calculations

Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 120
8.6 to 9.8
Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 650
540 to 670
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 13
15
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 24
52
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 23
37 to 39
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 21
42 to 44
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 10
52
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 19
17 to 18

Alloy Composition

Aluminum (Al), % 0
87.3 to 89.4
Carbon (C), % 0.15 to 0.23
0
Chromium (Cr), % 0 to 0.5
0
Copper (Cu), % 0 to 0.2
1.6 to 2.0
Iron (Fe), % 95.9 to 98
0 to 0.2
Magnesium (Mg), % 0
0.4 to 0.6
Manganese (Mn), % 1.0 to 1.5
0 to 0.1
Molybdenum (Mo), % 0.45 to 0.6
0
Nickel (Ni), % 0.4 to 0.8
0
Nitrogen (N), % 0 to 0.012
0
Phosphorus (P), % 0 to 0.035
0
Silicon (Si), % 0 to 0.4
8.6 to 9.4
Sulfur (S), % 0 to 0.035
0
Titanium (Ti), % 0
0 to 0.2
Vanadium (V), % 0 to 0.020
0
Zinc (Zn), % 0
0 to 0.1
Residuals, % 0
0 to 0.15