EN 1.6523 Steel vs. Grade 4 Titanium
EN 1.6523 steel belongs to the iron alloys classification, while grade 4 titanium belongs to the titanium alloys. There are 25 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (8, in this case) are not shown.
For each property being compared, the top bar is EN 1.6523 steel and the bottom bar is grade 4 titanium.
Metric UnitsUS Customary Units
Mechanical Properties
| Brinell Hardness | 150 to 190 | |
| 200 |
| Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa | 190 | |
| 110 |
| Poisson's Ratio | 0.29 | |
| 0.32 |
| Shear Modulus, GPa | 73 | |
| 41 |
| Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa | 510 to 1460 | |
| 640 |
Thermal Properties
| Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g | 250 | |
| 420 |
| Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C | 410 | |
| 320 |
| Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C | 1460 | |
| 1660 |
| Melting Onset (Solidus), °C | 1420 | |
| 1610 |
| Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K | 470 | |
| 540 |
| Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K | 39 | |
| 19 |
| Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K | 13 | |
| 9.4 |
Electrical Properties
| Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS | 7.3 | |
| 3.1 |
| Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS | 8.4 | |
| 6.3 |
Otherwise Unclassified Properties
| Base Metal Price, % relative | 2.6 | |
| 37 |
| Density, g/cm3 | 7.9 | |
| 4.5 |
| Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material | 1.5 | |
| 31 |
| Embodied Energy, MJ/kg | 20 | |
| 500 |
| Embodied Water, L/kg | 50 | |
| 110 |
Common Calculations
| Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points | 13 | |
| 13 |
| Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points | 24 | |
| 35 |
| Strength to Weight: Axial, points | 18 to 52 | |
| 40 |
| Strength to Weight: Bending, points | 18 to 36 | |
| 37 |
| Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s | 10 | |
| 7.6 |
| Thermal Shock Resistance, points | 15 to 43 | |
| 46 |
Alloy Composition
| Carbon (C), % | 0.17 to 0.23 | |
| 0 to 0.080 |
| Chromium (Cr), % | 0.35 to 0.7 | |
| 0 |
| Copper (Cu), % | 0 to 0.25 | |
| 0 |
| Hydrogen (H), % | 0 | |
| 0 to 0.015 |
| Iron (Fe), % | 96.6 to 98.3 | |
| 0 to 0.5 |
| Manganese (Mn), % | 0.65 to 1.0 | |
| 0 |
| Molybdenum (Mo), % | 0.15 to 0.25 | |
| 0 |
| Nickel (Ni), % | 0.4 to 0.7 | |
| 0 |
| Nitrogen (N), % | 0 | |
| 0 to 0.050 |
| Oxygen (O), % | 0 | |
| 0 to 0.4 |
| Phosphorus (P), % | 0 to 0.025 | |
| 0 |
| Silicon (Si), % | 0 to 0.3 | |
| 0 |
| Sulfur (S), % | 0 to 0.025 | |
| 0 |
| Titanium (Ti), % | 0 | |
| 98.6 to 100 |
| Residuals, % | 0 | |
| 0 to 0.4 |