EN 1.7216 Steel vs. ASTM A229 Spring Steel
Both EN 1.7216 steel and ASTM A229 spring steel are iron alloys. They have a very high 99% of their average alloy composition in common.
For each property being compared, the top bar is EN 1.7216 steel and the bottom bar is ASTM A229 spring steel.
Metric UnitsUS Customary Units
Mechanical Properties
| Brinell Hardness | 200 to 280 | |
| 490 to 550 |
| Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa | 190 | |
| 190 |
| Elongation at Break, % | 12 to 23 | |
| 14 |
| Fatigue Strength, MPa | 290 to 440 | |
| 710 to 790 |
| Poisson's Ratio | 0.29 | |
| 0.29 |
| Shear Modulus, GPa | 73 | |
| 72 |
| Shear Strength, MPa | 410 to 560 | |
| 1020 to 1140 |
| Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa | 650 to 930 | |
| 1690 to 1890 |
| Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa | 400 to 690 | |
| 1100 to 1230 |
Thermal Properties
| Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g | 250 | |
| 250 |
| Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C | 420 | |
| 400 |
| Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C | 1460 | |
| 1450 |
| Melting Onset (Solidus), °C | 1420 | |
| 1410 |
| Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K | 470 | |
| 470 |
| Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K | 46 | |
| 50 |
| Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K | 13 | |
| 12 |
Electrical Properties
| Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS | 7.2 | |
| 7.2 |
| Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS | 8.3 | |
| 8.3 |
Otherwise Unclassified Properties
| Base Metal Price, % relative | 2.4 | |
| 1.8 |
| Density, g/cm3 | 7.8 | |
| 7.8 |
| Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material | 1.5 | |
| 1.4 |
| Embodied Energy, MJ/kg | 20 | |
| 19 |
| Embodied Water, L/kg | 50 | |
| 46 |
Common Calculations
| Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 | 110 to 130 | |
| 200 to 230 |
| Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 | 430 to 1280 | |
| 3260 to 4080 |
| Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points | 13 | |
| 13 |
| Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points | 24 | |
| 24 |
| Strength to Weight: Axial, points | 23 to 33 | |
| 60 to 67 |
| Strength to Weight: Bending, points | 21 to 27 | |
| 40 to 43 |
| Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s | 12 | |
| 14 |
| Thermal Shock Resistance, points | 19 to 27 | |
| 54 to 60 |
Alloy Composition
| Carbon (C), % | 0.27 to 0.34 | |
| 0.55 to 0.85 |
| Chromium (Cr), % | 0.8 to 1.2 | |
| 0 |
| Iron (Fe), % | 97.2 to 98.4 | |
| 97.5 to 99 |
| Manganese (Mn), % | 0.35 to 0.6 | |
| 0.3 to 1.2 |
| Molybdenum (Mo), % | 0.15 to 0.3 | |
| 0 |
| Phosphorus (P), % | 0 to 0.035 | |
| 0 to 0.040 |
| Silicon (Si), % | 0 to 0.35 | |
| 0.15 to 0.35 |
| Sulfur (S), % | 0 to 0.035 | |
| 0 to 0.050 |