EN 1.7233 Steel vs. ASTM Grade HD Steel
Both EN 1.7233 steel and ASTM grade HD steel are iron alloys. They have 67% of their average alloy composition in common. There are 30 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (3, in this case) are not shown.
For each property being compared, the top bar is EN 1.7233 steel and the bottom bar is ASTM grade HD steel.
Metric UnitsUS Customary Units
Mechanical Properties
| Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa | 190 | |
| 200 |
| Elongation at Break, % | 18 to 23 | |
| 9.1 |
| Fatigue Strength, MPa | 270 to 530 | |
| 140 |
| Poisson's Ratio | 0.29 | |
| 0.27 |
| Shear Modulus, GPa | 73 | |
| 80 |
| Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa | 700 to 960 | |
| 590 |
| Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa | 380 to 780 | |
| 270 |
Thermal Properties
| Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g | 250 | |
| 310 |
| Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C | 430 | |
| 1100 |
| Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C | 1460 | |
| 1410 |
| Melting Onset (Solidus), °C | 1420 | |
| 1370 |
| Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K | 470 | |
| 490 |
| Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K | 39 | |
| 16 |
| Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K | 13 | |
| 11 |
Electrical Properties
| Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS | 7.4 | |
| 2.1 |
| Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS | 8.5 | |
| 2.5 |
Otherwise Unclassified Properties
| Base Metal Price, % relative | 3.0 | |
| 17 |
| Density, g/cm3 | 7.8 | |
| 7.7 |
| Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material | 1.6 | |
| 3.1 |
| Embodied Energy, MJ/kg | 21 | |
| 45 |
| Embodied Water, L/kg | 53 | |
| 180 |
Common Calculations
| PREN (Pitting Resistance) | 3.3 | |
| 29 |
| Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 | 110 to 200 | |
| 44 |
| Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 | 380 to 1630 | |
| 180 |
| Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points | 13 | |
| 15 |
| Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points | 24 | |
| 26 |
| Strength to Weight: Axial, points | 25 to 34 | |
| 21 |
| Strength to Weight: Bending, points | 22 to 28 | |
| 20 |
| Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s | 11 | |
| 4.3 |
| Thermal Shock Resistance, points | 21 to 28 | |
| 19 |
Alloy Composition
| Carbon (C), % | 0.39 to 0.45 | |
| 0 to 0.5 |
| Chromium (Cr), % | 1.2 to 1.5 | |
| 26 to 30 |
| Iron (Fe), % | 96.2 to 97.5 | |
| 58.4 to 70 |
| Manganese (Mn), % | 0.4 to 0.7 | |
| 0 to 1.5 |
| Molybdenum (Mo), % | 0.5 to 0.7 | |
| 0 to 0.5 |
| Nickel (Ni), % | 0 | |
| 4.0 to 7.0 |
| Phosphorus (P), % | 0 to 0.025 | |
| 0 to 0.040 |
| Silicon (Si), % | 0 to 0.4 | |
| 0 to 2.0 |
| Sulfur (S), % | 0 to 0.035 | |
| 0 to 0.040 |