EN 2.4654 Nickel vs. ASTM A387 Grade 12 Steel
EN 2.4654 nickel belongs to the nickel alloys classification, while ASTM A387 grade 12 steel belongs to the iron alloys. There are 28 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (4, in this case) are not shown.
For each property being compared, the top bar is EN 2.4654 nickel and the bottom bar is ASTM A387 grade 12 steel.
Metric UnitsUS Customary Units
Mechanical Properties
| Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa | 200 | |
| 190 |
| Elongation at Break, % | 17 | |
| 25 |
| Fatigue Strength, MPa | 460 | |
| 190 to 230 |
| Poisson's Ratio | 0.29 | |
| 0.29 |
| Shear Modulus, GPa | 77 | |
| 73 |
| Shear Strength, MPa | 770 | |
| 300 to 330 |
| Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa | 1250 | |
| 470 to 520 |
| Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa | 850 | |
| 260 to 310 |
Thermal Properties
| Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g | 320 | |
| 250 |
| Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C | 1000 | |
| 430 |
| Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C | 1390 | |
| 1470 |
| Melting Onset (Solidus), °C | 1330 | |
| 1420 |
| Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K | 460 | |
| 470 |
| Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K | 13 | |
| 44 |
| Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K | 12 | |
| 13 |
Otherwise Unclassified Properties
| Base Metal Price, % relative | 75 | |
| 2.8 |
| Density, g/cm3 | 8.4 | |
| 7.8 |
| Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material | 10 | |
| 1.6 |
| Embodied Energy, MJ/kg | 150 | |
| 21 |
| Embodied Water, L/kg | 340 | |
| 51 |
Common Calculations
| Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 | 190 | |
| 98 to 110 |
| Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 | 1810 | |
| 180 to 250 |
| Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points | 13 | |
| 13 |
| Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points | 23 | |
| 24 |
| Strength to Weight: Axial, points | 42 | |
| 16 to 18 |
| Strength to Weight: Bending, points | 31 | |
| 17 to 18 |
| Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s | 3.3 | |
| 12 |
| Thermal Shock Resistance, points | 37 | |
| 14 to 15 |
Alloy Composition
| Aluminum (Al), % | 1.2 to 1.6 | |
| 0 |
| Boron (B), % | 0.0030 to 0.010 | |
| 0 |
| Carbon (C), % | 0.020 to 0.1 | |
| 0.050 to 0.17 |
| Chromium (Cr), % | 18 to 21 | |
| 0.8 to 1.2 |
| Cobalt (Co), % | 12 to 15 | |
| 0 |
| Copper (Cu), % | 0 to 0.1 | |
| 0 |
| Iron (Fe), % | 0 to 2.0 | |
| 97 to 98.2 |
| Manganese (Mn), % | 0 to 1.0 | |
| 0.4 to 0.65 |
| Molybdenum (Mo), % | 3.5 to 5.0 | |
| 0.45 to 0.6 |
| Nickel (Ni), % | 50.6 to 62.5 | |
| 0 |
| Phosphorus (P), % | 0 to 0.015 | |
| 0 to 0.025 |
| Silicon (Si), % | 0 to 0.15 | |
| 0.15 to 0.4 |
| Sulfur (S), % | 0 to 0.015 | |
| 0 to 0.025 |
| Titanium (Ti), % | 2.8 to 3.3 | |
| 0 |
| Zirconium (Zr), % | 0.020 to 0.080 | |
| 0 |