EN 2.4878 Nickel vs. Grade 28 Titanium
EN 2.4878 nickel belongs to the nickel alloys classification, while grade 28 titanium belongs to the titanium alloys. There are 28 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (3, in this case) are not shown.
For each property being compared, the top bar is EN 2.4878 nickel and the bottom bar is grade 28 titanium.
Metric UnitsUS Customary Units
Mechanical Properties
| Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa | 200 | |
| 110 |
| Elongation at Break, % | 13 to 17 | |
| 11 to 17 |
| Fatigue Strength, MPa | 400 to 410 | |
| 330 to 480 |
| Poisson's Ratio | 0.29 | |
| 0.32 |
| Shear Modulus, GPa | 78 | |
| 40 |
| Shear Strength, MPa | 750 to 760 | |
| 420 to 590 |
| Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa | 1210 to 1250 | |
| 690 to 980 |
| Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa | 740 to 780 | |
| 540 to 810 |
Thermal Properties
| Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g | 330 | |
| 410 |
| Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C | 1030 | |
| 330 |
| Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C | 1370 | |
| 1640 |
| Melting Onset (Solidus), °C | 1320 | |
| 1590 |
| Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K | 460 | |
| 550 |
| Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K | 11 | |
| 8.3 |
| Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K | 12 | |
| 9.9 |
Otherwise Unclassified Properties
| Base Metal Price, % relative | 80 | |
| 36 |
| Density, g/cm3 | 8.3 | |
| 4.5 |
| Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material | 10 | |
| 37 |
| Embodied Energy, MJ/kg | 150 | |
| 600 |
| Embodied Water, L/kg | 370 | |
| 370 |
Common Calculations
| Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 | 150 to 180 | |
| 87 to 110 |
| Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 | 1370 to 1540 | |
| 1370 to 3100 |
| Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points | 13 | |
| 13 |
| Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points | 24 | |
| 35 |
| Strength to Weight: Axial, points | 41 to 42 | |
| 43 to 61 |
| Strength to Weight: Bending, points | 31 | |
| 39 to 49 |
| Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s | 2.8 | |
| 3.4 |
| Thermal Shock Resistance, points | 37 to 39 | |
| 47 to 66 |
Alloy Composition
| Aluminum (Al), % | 1.2 to 1.6 | |
| 2.5 to 3.5 |
| Boron (B), % | 0.010 to 0.015 | |
| 0 |
| Carbon (C), % | 0.030 to 0.070 | |
| 0 to 0.080 |
| Chromium (Cr), % | 23 to 25 | |
| 0 |
| Cobalt (Co), % | 19 to 21 | |
| 0 |
| Copper (Cu), % | 0 to 0.2 | |
| 0 |
| Hydrogen (H), % | 0 | |
| 0 to 0.015 |
| Iron (Fe), % | 0 to 1.0 | |
| 0 to 0.25 |
| Manganese (Mn), % | 0 to 0.5 | |
| 0 |
| Molybdenum (Mo), % | 1.0 to 2.0 | |
| 0 |
| Nickel (Ni), % | 43.6 to 52.2 | |
| 0 |
| Niobium (Nb), % | 0.7 to 1.2 | |
| 0 |
| Nitrogen (N), % | 0 | |
| 0 to 0.030 |
| Oxygen (O), % | 0 | |
| 0 to 0.15 |
| Phosphorus (P), % | 0 to 0.010 | |
| 0 |
| Ruthenium (Ru), % | 0 | |
| 0.080 to 0.14 |
| Silicon (Si), % | 0 to 0.5 | |
| 0 |
| Sulfur (S), % | 0 to 0.0070 | |
| 0 |
| Tantalum (Ta), % | 0 to 0.050 | |
| 0 |
| Titanium (Ti), % | 2.8 to 3.2 | |
| 92.4 to 95.4 |
| Vanadium (V), % | 0 | |
| 2.0 to 3.0 |
| Zirconium (Zr), % | 0.030 to 0.070 | |
| 0 |
| Residuals, % | 0 | |
| 0 to 0.4 |