EN 2.4889 Nickel vs. ASTM A372 Grade M Steel
EN 2.4889 nickel belongs to the nickel alloys classification, while ASTM A372 grade M steel belongs to the iron alloys. They have a modest 29% of their average alloy composition in common, which, by itself, doesn't mean much.
For each property being compared, the top bar is EN 2.4889 nickel and the bottom bar is ASTM A372 grade M steel.
Metric UnitsUS Customary Units
Mechanical Properties
| Brinell Hardness | 190 | |
| 240 to 280 |
| Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa | 200 | |
| 190 |
| Elongation at Break, % | 39 | |
| 18 to 21 |
| Fatigue Strength, MPa | 210 | |
| 450 to 520 |
| Poisson's Ratio | 0.28 | |
| 0.29 |
| Shear Modulus, GPa | 77 | |
| 73 |
| Shear Strength, MPa | 490 | |
| 510 to 570 |
| Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa | 720 | |
| 810 to 910 |
| Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa | 270 | |
| 660 to 770 |
Thermal Properties
| Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g | 350 | |
| 250 |
| Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C | 1200 | |
| 450 |
| Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C | 1350 | |
| 1460 |
| Melting Onset (Solidus), °C | 1300 | |
| 1420 |
| Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K | 480 | |
| 470 |
| Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K | 13 | |
| 46 |
| Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K | 14 | |
| 13 |
Electrical Properties
| Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS | 1.5 | |
| 8.0 |
| Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS | 1.6 | |
| 9.1 |
Otherwise Unclassified Properties
| Base Metal Price, % relative | 42 | |
| 5.0 |
| Density, g/cm3 | 8.0 | |
| 7.9 |
| Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material | 6.9 | |
| 2.0 |
| Embodied Energy, MJ/kg | 98 | |
| 27 |
| Embodied Water, L/kg | 250 | |
| 61 |
Common Calculations
| PREN (Pitting Resistance) | 28 | |
| 3.4 |
| Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 | 220 | |
| 160 |
| Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 | 180 | |
| 1140 to 1580 |
| Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points | 14 | |
| 13 |
| Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points | 24 | |
| 24 |
| Strength to Weight: Axial, points | 25 | |
| 29 to 32 |
| Strength to Weight: Bending, points | 22 | |
| 24 to 27 |
| Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s | 3.4 | |
| 12 |
| Thermal Shock Resistance, points | 19 | |
| 24 to 27 |
Alloy Composition
| Carbon (C), % | 0.050 to 0.12 | |
| 0 to 0.23 |
| Cerium (Ce), % | 0.030 to 0.090 | |
| 0 |
| Chromium (Cr), % | 26 to 29 | |
| 1.5 to 2.0 |
| Copper (Cu), % | 0 to 0.3 | |
| 0 |
| Iron (Fe), % | 21 to 25 | |
| 92.5 to 95.1 |
| Manganese (Mn), % | 0 to 1.0 | |
| 0.2 to 0.4 |
| Molybdenum (Mo), % | 0 | |
| 0.4 to 0.6 |
| Nickel (Ni), % | 45 to 50.4 | |
| 2.8 to 3.9 |
| Phosphorus (P), % | 0 to 0.020 | |
| 0 to 0.015 |
| Silicon (Si), % | 2.5 to 3.0 | |
| 0 to 0.3 |
| Sulfur (S), % | 0 to 0.010 | |
| 0 to 0.010 |
| Vanadium (V), % | 0 | |
| 0 to 0.080 |