EN 2.4889 Nickel vs. Grade VDC Steel
EN 2.4889 nickel belongs to the nickel alloys classification, while grade VDC steel belongs to the iron alloys. They have a modest 24% of their average alloy composition in common, which, by itself, doesn't mean much. There are 25 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (8, in this case) are not shown.
For each property being compared, the top bar is EN 2.4889 nickel and the bottom bar is grade VDC steel.
Metric UnitsUS Customary Units
Mechanical Properties
| Brinell Hardness | 190 | |
| 510 |
| Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa | 200 | |
| 190 |
| Poisson's Ratio | 0.28 | |
| 0.29 |
| Shear Modulus, GPa | 77 | |
| 80 |
| Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa | 720 | |
| 1700 |
Thermal Properties
| Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g | 350 | |
| 250 |
| Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C | 1200 | |
| 400 |
| Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C | 1350 | |
| 1450 |
| Melting Onset (Solidus), °C | 1300 | |
| 1410 |
| Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K | 480 | |
| 470 |
| Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K | 13 | |
| 51 |
| Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K | 14 | |
| 13 |
Electrical Properties
| Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS | 1.5 | |
| 7.1 |
| Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS | 1.6 | |
| 8.1 |
Otherwise Unclassified Properties
| Base Metal Price, % relative | 42 | |
| 1.9 |
| Density, g/cm3 | 8.0 | |
| 7.8 |
| Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material | 6.9 | |
| 1.4 |
| Embodied Energy, MJ/kg | 98 | |
| 19 |
| Embodied Water, L/kg | 250 | |
| 47 |
Common Calculations
| Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points | 14 | |
| 13 |
| Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points | 24 | |
| 24 |
| Strength to Weight: Axial, points | 25 | |
| 60 |
| Strength to Weight: Bending, points | 22 | |
| 40 |
| Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s | 3.4 | |
| 14 |
| Thermal Shock Resistance, points | 19 | |
| 50 |
Alloy Composition
| Carbon (C), % | 0.050 to 0.12 | |
| 0.6 to 0.75 |
| Cerium (Ce), % | 0.030 to 0.090 | |
| 0 |
| Chromium (Cr), % | 26 to 29 | |
| 0 to 0.3 |
| Copper (Cu), % | 0 to 0.3 | |
| 0 to 0.060 |
| Iron (Fe), % | 21 to 25 | |
| 98.3 to 99.35 |
| Manganese (Mn), % | 0 to 1.0 | |
| 0.5 to 1.0 |
| Nickel (Ni), % | 45 to 50.4 | |
| 0 |
| Phosphorus (P), % | 0 to 0.020 | |
| 0 to 0.020 |
| Silicon (Si), % | 2.5 to 3.0 | |
| 0.15 to 0.3 |
| Sulfur (S), % | 0 to 0.010 | |
| 0 to 0.020 |