EN 2.4951 Nickel vs. SAE-AISI 4012 Steel
EN 2.4951 nickel belongs to the nickel alloys classification, while SAE-AISI 4012 steel belongs to the iron alloys.
For each property being compared, the top bar is EN 2.4951 nickel and the bottom bar is SAE-AISI 4012 steel.
Metric UnitsUS Customary Units
Mechanical Properties
| Brinell Hardness | 200 | |
| 130 |
| Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa | 190 | |
| 190 |
| Elongation at Break, % | 34 | |
| 23 |
| Fatigue Strength, MPa | 200 | |
| 160 |
| Poisson's Ratio | 0.29 | |
| 0.29 |
| Shear Modulus, GPa | 76 | |
| 73 |
| Shear Strength, MPa | 500 | |
| 270 |
| Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa | 750 | |
| 420 |
| Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa | 270 | |
| 220 |
Thermal Properties
| Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g | 320 | |
| 250 |
| Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C | 1150 | |
| 400 |
| Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C | 1360 | |
| 1460 |
| Melting Onset (Solidus), °C | 1310 | |
| 1420 |
| Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K | 460 | |
| 470 |
| Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K | 12 | |
| 51 |
| Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K | 12 | |
| 13 |
Electrical Properties
| Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS | 1.6 | |
| 7.1 |
| Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS | 1.7 | |
| 8.1 |
Otherwise Unclassified Properties
| Base Metal Price, % relative | 60 | |
| 2.1 |
| Density, g/cm3 | 8.5 | |
| 7.8 |
| Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material | 9.3 | |
| 1.5 |
| Embodied Energy, MJ/kg | 130 | |
| 19 |
| Embodied Water, L/kg | 280 | |
| 47 |
Common Calculations
| Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 | 200 | |
| 82 |
| Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 | 190 | |
| 130 |
| Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points | 13 | |
| 13 |
| Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points | 23 | |
| 24 |
| Strength to Weight: Axial, points | 25 | |
| 15 |
| Strength to Weight: Bending, points | 22 | |
| 16 |
| Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s | 3.1 | |
| 14 |
| Thermal Shock Resistance, points | 23 | |
| 12 |
Alloy Composition
| Aluminum (Al), % | 0 to 0.3 | |
| 0 |
| Carbon (C), % | 0.080 to 0.15 | |
| 0.090 to 0.14 |
| Chromium (Cr), % | 18 to 21 | |
| 0 |
| Cobalt (Co), % | 0 to 5.0 | |
| 0 |
| Copper (Cu), % | 0 to 0.5 | |
| 0 |
| Iron (Fe), % | 0 to 5.0 | |
| 98.2 to 98.9 |
| Manganese (Mn), % | 0 to 1.0 | |
| 0.75 to 1.0 |
| Molybdenum (Mo), % | 0 | |
| 0.15 to 0.25 |
| Nickel (Ni), % | 65.4 to 81.7 | |
| 0 |
| Phosphorus (P), % | 0 to 0.020 | |
| 0 to 0.035 |
| Silicon (Si), % | 0 to 1.0 | |
| 0.15 to 0.35 |
| Sulfur (S), % | 0 to 0.015 | |
| 0 to 0.040 |
| Titanium (Ti), % | 0.2 to 0.6 | |
| 0 |