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EN AC-21000 Aluminum vs. SAE-AISI 1042 Steel

EN AC-21000 aluminum belongs to the aluminum alloys classification, while SAE-AISI 1042 steel belongs to the iron alloys. There are 30 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (2, in this case) are not shown. Please note that the two materials have significantly dissimilar densities. This means that additional care is required when interpreting the data, because some material properties are based on units of mass, while others are based on units of area or volume.

For each property being compared, the top bar is EN AC-21000 aluminum and the bottom bar is SAE-AISI 1042 steel.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Brinell Hardness 100
180 to 200
Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 71
190
Elongation at Break, % 6.7
14 to 18
Fatigue Strength, MPa 100
230 to 370
Poisson's Ratio 0.33
0.29
Shear Modulus, GPa 27
73
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 340
620 to 700
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa 240
340 to 580

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 390
250
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C 170
400
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 670
1460
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 550
1420
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 880
470
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 130
52
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 23
12

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 34
7.0
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 100
8.1

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 11
1.8
Density, g/cm3 3.0
7.8
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 8.0
1.4
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 150
18
Embodied Water, L/kg 1150
46

Common Calculations

Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 21
87 to 94
Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 390
320 to 900
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 13
13
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 46
24
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 32
22 to 25
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 36
21 to 22
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 49
14
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 15
20 to 22

Alloy Composition

Aluminum (Al), % 93.4 to 95.5
0
Carbon (C), % 0
0.4 to 0.47
Copper (Cu), % 4.2 to 5.0
0
Iron (Fe), % 0 to 0.35
98.5 to 99
Lead (Pb), % 0 to 0.050
0
Magnesium (Mg), % 0.15 to 0.35
0
Manganese (Mn), % 0 to 0.1
0.6 to 0.9
Nickel (Ni), % 0 to 0.050
0
Phosphorus (P), % 0
0 to 0.040
Silicon (Si), % 0 to 0.2
0
Sulfur (S), % 0
0 to 0.050
Tin (Sn), % 0 to 0.050
0
Titanium (Ti), % 0.15 to 0.3
0
Zinc (Zn), % 0 to 0.1
0
Residuals, % 0 to 0.1
0