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EN AC-21100 Aluminum vs. SAE-AISI M34 Steel

EN AC-21100 aluminum belongs to the aluminum alloys classification, while SAE-AISI M34 steel belongs to the iron alloys. There are 21 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (10, in this case) are not shown. Please note that the two materials have significantly dissimilar densities. This means that additional care is required when interpreting the data, because some material properties are based on units of mass, while others are based on units of area or volume.

For each property being compared, the top bar is EN AC-21100 aluminum and the bottom bar is SAE-AISI M34 steel.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 71
200
Poisson's Ratio 0.33
0.29
Shear Modulus, GPa 27
77
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 340 to 350
800 to 2170

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 390
270
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 670
1540
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 550
1500
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 880
450
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 130
24
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 23
12

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 11
32
Density, g/cm3 3.0
8.2
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 8.0
9.5
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 150
140
Embodied Water, L/kg 1150
150

Common Calculations

Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 13
14
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 46
24
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 31 to 33
27 to 74
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 36 to 37
23 to 46
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 48
6.7
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 15
25 to 67

Alloy Composition

Aluminum (Al), % 93.4 to 95.7
0
Carbon (C), % 0
0.85 to 0.92
Chromium (Cr), % 0
3.5 to 4.0
Cobalt (Co), % 0
7.8 to 8.8
Copper (Cu), % 4.2 to 5.2
0 to 0.25
Iron (Fe), % 0 to 0.19
71.3 to 76.5
Manganese (Mn), % 0 to 0.55
0.15 to 0.4
Molybdenum (Mo), % 0
7.8 to 9.2
Nickel (Ni), % 0
0 to 0.3
Phosphorus (P), % 0
0 to 0.030
Silicon (Si), % 0 to 0.18
0.2 to 0.45
Sulfur (S), % 0
0 to 0.030
Titanium (Ti), % 0.15 to 0.3
0
Tungsten (W), % 0
1.4 to 2.1
Vanadium (V), % 0
1.9 to 2.3
Zinc (Zn), % 0 to 0.070
0
Residuals, % 0 to 0.1
0