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EN AC-51500 Aluminum vs. ASTM A372 Grade M Steel

EN AC-51500 aluminum belongs to the aluminum alloys classification, while ASTM A372 grade M steel belongs to the iron alloys. There are 30 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (2, in this case) are not shown. Please note that the two materials have significantly dissimilar densities. This means that additional care is required when interpreting the data, because some material properties are based on units of mass, while others are based on units of area or volume.

For each property being compared, the top bar is EN AC-51500 aluminum and the bottom bar is ASTM A372 grade M steel.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Brinell Hardness 80
240 to 280
Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 68
190
Elongation at Break, % 5.6
18 to 21
Fatigue Strength, MPa 120
450 to 520
Poisson's Ratio 0.33
0.29
Shear Modulus, GPa 26
73
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 280
810 to 910
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa 160
660 to 770

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 430
250
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C 170
450
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 630
1460
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 590
1420
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 910
470
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 120
46
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 23
13

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 26
8.0
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 88
9.1

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 9.5
5.0
Density, g/cm3 2.6
7.9
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 9.0
2.0
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 150
27
Embodied Water, L/kg 1150
61

Common Calculations

Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 13
160
Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 190
1140 to 1580
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 14
13
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 52
24
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 29
29 to 32
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 36
24 to 27
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 49
12
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 13
24 to 27

Alloy Composition

Aluminum (Al), % 89.8 to 93.1
0
Carbon (C), % 0
0 to 0.23
Chromium (Cr), % 0
1.5 to 2.0
Copper (Cu), % 0 to 0.050
0
Iron (Fe), % 0 to 0.25
92.5 to 95.1
Magnesium (Mg), % 4.7 to 6.0
0
Manganese (Mn), % 0.4 to 0.8
0.2 to 0.4
Molybdenum (Mo), % 0
0.4 to 0.6
Nickel (Ni), % 0
2.8 to 3.9
Phosphorus (P), % 0
0 to 0.015
Silicon (Si), % 1.8 to 2.6
0 to 0.3
Sulfur (S), % 0
0 to 0.010
Titanium (Ti), % 0 to 0.25
0
Vanadium (V), % 0
0 to 0.080
Zinc (Zn), % 0 to 0.070
0
Residuals, % 0 to 0.15
0