CC499K Bronze vs. CC481K Bronze
Both CC499K bronze and CC481K bronze are copper alloys. Both are furnished in the as-fabricated (no temper or treatment) condition. They have a moderately high 92% of their average alloy composition in common.
For each property being compared, the top bar is CC499K bronze and the bottom bar is CC481K bronze.
Metric UnitsUS Customary Units
Mechanical Properties
| Brinell Hardness | 73 | |
| 90 |
| Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa | 110 | |
| 110 |
| Elongation at Break, % | 13 | |
| 4.5 |
| Poisson's Ratio | 0.34 | |
| 0.34 |
| Shear Modulus, GPa | 41 | |
| 40 |
| Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa | 260 | |
| 350 |
| Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa | 120 | |
| 180 |
Thermal Properties
| Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g | 190 | |
| 190 |
| Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C | 170 | |
| 170 |
| Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C | 1000 | |
| 1000 |
| Melting Onset (Solidus), °C | 920 | |
| 880 |
| Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K | 370 | |
| 370 |
| Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K | 73 | |
| 64 |
| Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K | 18 | |
| 18 |
Electrical Properties
| Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS | 12 | |
| 10 |
| Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS | 12 | |
| 10 |
Otherwise Unclassified Properties
| Base Metal Price, % relative | 32 | |
| 35 |
| Density, g/cm3 | 8.8 | |
| 8.7 |
| Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material | 3.1 | |
| 3.7 |
| Embodied Energy, MJ/kg | 51 | |
| 60 |
| Embodied Water, L/kg | 350 | |
| 390 |
Common Calculations
| Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 | 27 | |
| 13 |
| Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 | 65 | |
| 150 |
| Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points | 6.9 | |
| 6.9 |
| Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points | 18 | |
| 18 |
| Strength to Weight: Axial, points | 8.1 | |
| 11 |
| Strength to Weight: Bending, points | 10 | |
| 13 |
| Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s | 22 | |
| 20 |
| Thermal Shock Resistance, points | 9.2 | |
| 13 |
Alloy Composition
| Aluminum (Al), % | 0 to 0.010 | |
| 0 to 0.010 |
| Antimony (Sb), % | 0 to 0.1 | |
| 0 to 0.050 |
| Arsenic (As), % | 0 to 0.030 | |
| 0 |
| Bismuth (Bi), % | 0 to 0.020 | |
| 0 |
| Cadmium (Cd), % | 0 to 0.020 | |
| 0 |
| Chromium (Cr), % | 0 to 0.020 | |
| 0 |
| Copper (Cu), % | 84 to 88 | |
| 87 to 89.5 |
| Iron (Fe), % | 0 to 0.3 | |
| 0 to 0.1 |
| Lead (Pb), % | 0 to 3.0 | |
| 0 to 0.25 |
| Manganese (Mn), % | 0 | |
| 0 to 0.050 |
| Nickel (Ni), % | 0 to 0.6 | |
| 0 to 0.1 |
| Phosphorus (P), % | 0 to 0.040 | |
| 0 to 1.0 |
| Silicon (Si), % | 0 to 0.010 | |
| 0 to 0.010 |
| Sulfur (S), % | 0 to 0.040 | |
| 0 to 0.050 |
| Tin (Sn), % | 4.0 to 6.0 | |
| 10 to 11.5 |
| Zinc (Zn), % | 4.0 to 6.0 | |
| 0 to 0.5 |