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CR023A Copper vs. ASTM A231 Spring Steel

CR023A copper belongs to the copper alloys classification, while ASTM A231 spring steel belongs to the iron alloys. There are 27 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (5, in this case) are not shown.

For each property being compared, the top bar is CR023A copper and the bottom bar is ASTM A231 spring steel.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 120
190
Elongation at Break, % 15
14
Poisson's Ratio 0.34
0.29
Shear Modulus, GPa 43
73
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 220
1790
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa 130
1570

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 210
250
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C 200
420
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 1090
1460
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 1040
1410
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 390
470
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 380
52
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 17
13

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 100
7.3
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 100
8.4

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 31
2.3
Density, g/cm3 9.0
7.8
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 2.6
2.0
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 41
28
Embodied Water, L/kg 320
51

Common Calculations

Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 29
230
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 7.2
13
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 18
24
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 6.8
64
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 9.0
42
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 110
14
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 7.8
53

Alloy Composition

Bismuth (Bi), % 0 to 0.00050
0
Carbon (C), % 0
0.48 to 0.53
Chromium (Cr), % 0
0.8 to 1.1
Copper (Cu), % 99.9 to 99.995
0
Iron (Fe), % 0
96.7 to 97.7
Lead (Pb), % 0 to 0.0050
0
Manganese (Mn), % 0
0.7 to 0.9
Phosphorus (P), % 0.0050 to 0.013
0 to 0.040
Silicon (Si), % 0
0.15 to 0.35
Silver (Ag), % 0 to 0.015
0
Sulfur (S), % 0
0 to 0.040
Vanadium (V), % 0
0.15 to 0.3