H04 C40500 Penny Bronze vs. H04 C68800 Brass
Both H04 C40500 penny bronze and H04 C68800 brass are copper alloys. Both are furnished in the H04 (full hard) temper. They have 77% of their average alloy composition in common.
For each property being compared, the top bar is H04 C40500 penny bronze and the bottom bar is H04 C68800 brass.
Metric UnitsUS Customary Units
Mechanical Properties
| Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa | 110 | |
| 110 |
| Elongation at Break, % | 10 | |
| 6.0 |
| Poisson's Ratio | 0.34 | |
| 0.32 |
| Rockwell B Hardness | 72 | |
| 96 |
| Rockwell Superficial 30T Hardness | 65 | |
| 82 |
| Shear Modulus, GPa | 43 | |
| 41 |
| Shear Strength, MPa | 270 | |
| 440 |
| Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa | 440 | |
| 750 |
| Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa | 420 | |
| 670 |
Thermal Properties
| Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g | 200 | |
| 190 |
| Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C | 190 | |
| 160 |
| Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C | 1060 | |
| 960 |
| Melting Onset (Solidus), °C | 1020 | |
| 950 |
| Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K | 380 | |
| 400 |
| Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K | 160 | |
| 40 |
| Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K | 18 | |
| 19 |
Electrical Properties
| Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS | 41 | |
| 18 |
| Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS | 42 | |
| 20 |
Otherwise Unclassified Properties
| Base Metal Price, % relative | 30 | |
| 26 |
| Density, g/cm3 | 8.8 | |
| 8.2 |
| Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material | 2.7 | |
| 2.8 |
| Embodied Energy, MJ/kg | 43 | |
| 48 |
| Embodied Water, L/kg | 320 | |
| 350 |
Common Calculations
| Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 | 43 | |
| 43 |
| Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 | 770 | |
| 2070 |
| Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points | 7.2 | |
| 7.3 |
| Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points | 18 | |
| 19 |
| Strength to Weight: Axial, points | 14 | |
| 26 |
| Strength to Weight: Bending, points | 15 | |
| 22 |
| Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s | 48 | |
| 12 |
| Thermal Shock Resistance, points | 16 | |
| 26 |
Alloy Composition
| Aluminum (Al), % | 0 | |
| 3.0 to 3.8 |
| Cobalt (Co), % | 0 | |
| 0.25 to 0.55 |
| Copper (Cu), % | 94 to 96 | |
| 70.8 to 75.5 |
| Iron (Fe), % | 0 to 0.050 | |
| 0 to 0.2 |
| Lead (Pb), % | 0 to 0.050 | |
| 0 to 0.050 |
| Tin (Sn), % | 0.7 to 1.3 | |
| 0 |
| Zinc (Zn), % | 2.1 to 5.3 | |
| 21.3 to 24.1 |
| Residuals, % | 0 | |
| 0 to 0.5 |