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Grade 1 Titanium vs. SAE-AISI 1146 Steel

Grade 1 titanium belongs to the titanium alloys classification, while SAE-AISI 1146 steel belongs to the iron alloys.

For each property being compared, the top bar is grade 1 titanium and the bottom bar is SAE-AISI 1146 steel.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Brinell Hardness 120
190 to 200
Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 110
190
Elongation at Break, % 28
13 to 17
Fatigue Strength, MPa 170
240 to 400
Poisson's Ratio 0.32
0.29
Reduction in Area, % 36
40 to 45
Shear Modulus, GPa 39
72
Shear Strength, MPa 200
410 to 440
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 310
670 to 730
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa 220
360 to 630

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 420
250
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C 320
400
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 1660
1460
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 1610
1420
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 540
470
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 20
51
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 8.8
13

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 3.7
7.1
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 7.3
8.1

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 37
1.8
Density, g/cm3 4.5
7.8
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 31
1.4
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 510
18
Embodied Water, L/kg 110
46

Common Calculations

Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 79
93 to 97
Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 230
340 to 1050
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 13
13
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 35
24
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 19
24 to 26
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 23
22 to 23
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 8.2
14
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 24
20 to 22

Alloy Composition

Carbon (C), % 0 to 0.080
0.42 to 0.49
Hydrogen (H), % 0 to 0.015
0
Iron (Fe), % 0 to 0.2
98.3 to 98.8
Manganese (Mn), % 0
0.7 to 1.0
Nitrogen (N), % 0 to 0.030
0
Oxygen (O), % 0 to 0.18
0
Phosphorus (P), % 0
0 to 0.040
Sulfur (S), % 0
0.080 to 0.13
Titanium (Ti), % 99.095 to 100
0
Residuals, % 0 to 0.4
0