Grade 12 Titanium vs. SAE-AISI 1008 Steel
Grade 12 titanium belongs to the titanium alloys classification, while SAE-AISI 1008 steel belongs to the iron alloys.
For each property being compared, the top bar is grade 12 titanium and the bottom bar is SAE-AISI 1008 steel.
Metric UnitsUS Customary Units
Mechanical Properties
Brinell Hardness | 170 | |
93 to 100 |
Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa | 110 | |
190 |
Elongation at Break, % | 21 | |
22 to 33 |
Fatigue Strength, MPa | 280 | |
150 to 220 |
Poisson's Ratio | 0.32 | |
0.29 |
Reduction in Area, % | 28 | |
50 to 63 |
Shear Modulus, GPa | 39 | |
73 |
Shear Strength, MPa | 330 | |
220 to 230 |
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa | 530 | |
330 to 370 |
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa | 410 | |
190 to 310 |
Thermal Properties
Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g | 420 | |
250 |
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C | 320 | |
400 |
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C | 1660 | |
1470 |
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C | 1610 | |
1430 |
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K | 540 | |
470 |
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K | 21 | |
62 |
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K | 9.6 | |
12 |
Electrical Properties
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS | 3.3 | |
6.9 |
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS | 6.6 | |
7.9 |
Otherwise Unclassified Properties
Base Metal Price, % relative | 37 | |
1.8 |
Density, g/cm3 | 4.5 | |
7.9 |
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material | 31 | |
1.4 |
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg | 500 | |
18 |
Embodied Water, L/kg | 110 | |
45 |
Common Calculations
Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 | 110 | |
78 to 91 |
Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 | 770 | |
92 to 260 |
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points | 13 | |
13 |
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points | 35 | |
24 |
Strength to Weight: Axial, points | 32 | |
12 to 13 |
Strength to Weight: Bending, points | 32 | |
13 to 15 |
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s | 8.5 | |
17 |
Thermal Shock Resistance, points | 37 | |
10 to 12 |
Alloy Composition
Carbon (C), % | 0 to 0.080 | |
0 to 0.1 |
Hydrogen (H), % | 0 to 0.015 | |
0 |
Iron (Fe), % | 0 to 0.3 | |
99.31 to 99.7 |
Manganese (Mn), % | 0 | |
0.3 to 0.5 |
Molybdenum (Mo), % | 0.2 to 0.4 | |
0 |
Nickel (Ni), % | 0.6 to 0.9 | |
0 |
Nitrogen (N), % | 0 to 0.030 | |
0 |
Oxygen (O), % | 0 to 0.25 | |
0 |
Phosphorus (P), % | 0 | |
0 to 0.040 |
Sulfur (S), % | 0 | |
0 to 0.050 |
Titanium (Ti), % | 97.6 to 99.2 | |
0 |
Residuals, % | 0 to 0.4 | |
0 |