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Grade 12 Titanium vs. SAE-AISI 1070 Steel

Grade 12 titanium belongs to the titanium alloys classification, while SAE-AISI 1070 steel belongs to the iron alloys.

For each property being compared, the top bar is grade 12 titanium and the bottom bar is SAE-AISI 1070 steel.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Brinell Hardness 170
190 to 230
Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 110
190
Elongation at Break, % 21
10 to 13
Fatigue Strength, MPa 280
270 to 350
Poisson's Ratio 0.32
0.29
Reduction in Area, % 28
34 to 51
Shear Modulus, GPa 39
72
Shear Strength, MPa 330
380 to 460
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 530
640 to 760
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa 410
420 to 560

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 420
250
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C 320
400
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 1660
1460
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 1610
1420
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 540
470
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 21
50
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 9.6
12

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 3.3
10
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 6.6
12

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 37
1.8
Density, g/cm3 4.5
7.8
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 31
1.4
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 500
19
Embodied Water, L/kg 110
46

Common Calculations

Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 110
59 to 86
Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 770
470 to 850
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 13
13
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 35
24
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 32
23 to 27
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 32
21 to 24
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 8.5
14
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 37
21 to 25

Alloy Composition

Carbon (C), % 0 to 0.080
0.65 to 0.75
Hydrogen (H), % 0 to 0.015
0
Iron (Fe), % 0 to 0.3
98.3 to 98.8
Manganese (Mn), % 0
0.6 to 0.9
Molybdenum (Mo), % 0.2 to 0.4
0
Nickel (Ni), % 0.6 to 0.9
0
Nitrogen (N), % 0 to 0.030
0
Oxygen (O), % 0 to 0.25
0
Phosphorus (P), % 0
0 to 0.040
Sulfur (S), % 0
0 to 0.050
Titanium (Ti), % 97.6 to 99.2
0
Residuals, % 0 to 0.4
0