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Grade 12 Titanium vs. SAE-AISI 4340M Steel

Grade 12 titanium belongs to the titanium alloys classification, while SAE-AISI 4340M steel belongs to the iron alloys. There are 31 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (5, in this case) are not shown.

For each property being compared, the top bar is grade 12 titanium and the bottom bar is SAE-AISI 4340M steel.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Brinell Hardness 170
710
Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 110
190
Elongation at Break, % 21
6.0
Fatigue Strength, MPa 280
690
Poisson's Ratio 0.32
0.29
Shear Modulus, GPa 39
72
Shear Strength, MPa 330
1360
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 530
2340
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa 410
1240

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 420
280
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C 320
430
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 1660
1440
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 1610
1400
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 540
480
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 21
38
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 9.6
13

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 3.3
7.8
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 6.6
9.1

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 37
3.9
Density, g/cm3 4.5
7.8
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 31
1.9
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 500
26
Embodied Water, L/kg 110
55

Common Calculations

Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 110
120
Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 770
4120
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 13
13
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 35
25
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 32
84
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 32
51
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 8.5
10
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 37
70

Alloy Composition

Carbon (C), % 0 to 0.080
0.38 to 0.43
Chromium (Cr), % 0
0.7 to 1.0
Hydrogen (H), % 0 to 0.015
0
Iron (Fe), % 0 to 0.3
93.3 to 94.8
Manganese (Mn), % 0
0.65 to 0.9
Molybdenum (Mo), % 0.2 to 0.4
0.35 to 0.45
Nickel (Ni), % 0.6 to 0.9
1.7 to 2.0
Nitrogen (N), % 0 to 0.030
0
Oxygen (O), % 0 to 0.25
0
Phosphorus (P), % 0
0 to 0.012
Silicon (Si), % 0
1.5 to 1.8
Sulfur (S), % 0
0 to 0.012
Titanium (Ti), % 97.6 to 99.2
0
Vanadium (V), % 0
0.050 to 0.1
Residuals, % 0 to 0.4
0